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Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing outcome and output indicators that are consistent with the project design allows appropriate assessment of project achievement against the defined targets. Well-formulated indicators support the accurate measurement of project achievements as defined in the design and monitoring framework. For example, the reduction in transport costs could be directly measured by lower transport fares and vehicle operating costs.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway is a methodological weakness. The project completion report (PCR) did not explain why it did not conduct a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway. This validation notes that the RRP too did not conduct such evaluation.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Due diligence for future projects should include developing a thorough understanding of the institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures as well as mapping out effective mitigation measures to minimize delays. This project's implementation was affected by cumbersome approval mechanisms at the executing agency (EA) headquarters for contract variations and extensions. Frequent interventions by ADB and EA top management were required to expedite decision-making.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and appropriate changes in scope and reallocation of loan and grant proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available loan and grant resources in a more targeted and efficient manner to facilitate more activities and deliver more outputs. For example, responding to the government’s request relating to E35 contributed directly to developing an efficient and safer transport corridor between Islamabad, Faisalabad, and Multan for more connectivity between the various parts of the country.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of build-back-better technologies with climate resiliency determined at project design such as sheet piling increase the service life of the infrastructure, even if this increases the project costs. Prior to implementation, the subproject’s economic analysis needs to explore and evaluate alternative technologies under a build-back-better objective.

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Well-defined targets for design and monitoring (DMF) indicators along with formulation of appropriate indicators’ baseline year and target values per year strengthen project design. A statement of percentage growth does not allow for a proper measurement of achievement. For example, the project DMF stated that at least 90% of selected flood protection and irrigation structures reconstructed and made more resilient by 2018”. However, it did not state the baseline and target values of the corresponding indicators and were not measurable.

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project performance management system created difficulties in estimating the project’s economic benefits. A project performance management system would provide data on which to base more accurate EIRR estimates and the development impacts of road projects.

Project Number: 40075-023, 40075-033, 40075-043
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of specificity in the DMF creates difficulties in assessing the development impacts of road projects. For example, a decrease in the road fatality rate in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province was a poor indicator for road safety on the project road.

Project Number: 40075-033
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project performance management system (PPMS) created difficulties in estimating the economic benefits of the project. A PPMS would provide data on which to base more accurate EIRR estimates and the development impacts of road projects.

Project Number: 40075-033
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Delays in the release of payment must be avoided in order to assure contractor performance to be on schedule and avoid costly litigation and arbitration, which are inherently inefficient and unproductive.

Project Number: 40075-023
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
For projects involving significant civil works but prepared only to a feasibility study level, a realistic timeframe needs to be identified at appraisal for the recruitment of consultants and the preparation of detailed design prior to start of construction.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
Future projects in all sectors would benefit from the preparation of a government project completion report as part of the terms of reference of consultants.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Funds must be made available in a timely manner to meet contractual obligations.

Project Number: 40075-023
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
The ongoing delivery of benefits from an irrigation project improving upstream major assets such as barrages and main canals is dependent upon adequate financing and implementation arrangements for O&M of the downstream system of minor canals, distributaries and on-farm canals.

Project Number: 37231-033
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program–Tranche 2
Report Date: