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Lesson
Consideration has to be given to protecting against currency fluctuations immediately after loan effectiveness.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
The ongoing delivery of benefits from an irrigation project, which aimed to improve upstream major assets, is dependent on adequate financing and implementation arrangements for operation and maintenance (O&M) of the downstream system of minor canals, distributaries and on-farm canals.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Delays in the release of payment must be avoided in order to assure contractor performance to be on schedule and avoid costly litigation and arbitration, which are inherently inefficient and unproductive.

Project Number: 40075-023
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
For projects involving significant civil works but prepared only to a feasibility study level, a realistic timeframe needs to be identified at appraisal for the recruitment of consultants and the preparation of detailed design prior to start of construction.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
Future projects in all sectors would benefit from the preparation of a government project completion report as part of the terms of reference of consultants.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Funds must be made available in a timely manner to meet contractual obligations.

Project Number: 40075-023
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
The ongoing delivery of benefits from an irrigation project improving upstream major assets such as barrages and main canals is dependent upon adequate financing and implementation arrangements for O&M of the downstream system of minor canals, distributaries and on-farm canals.

Project Number: 37231-033
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program–Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB had gained experience in Pakistan’s municipal services sector and these were recorded in past PCRs and country assistance program evaluations. Except for the successful Punjab Community Water Supply and Sanitation Project, available PCRs rated ADB’s interventions less than successful, including the recent experience with the Megacity Development Project in the Sindh province (footnote 28). Lessons from these experiences could have been applied to the design of this MFF.

Project Number: 37220-023
Project Name: Sindh Cities Improvement Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Changing performance targets and due dates midstream is not warranted.

Project Number: 37220-023
Project Name: Sindh Cities Improvement Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB would need to identify more adequate indicators for power system reliability to appropriately capture the benefits of transmission projects. The formulation of specific DMFs for the different tranches of an MFF are essential to appropriately measure effectiveness and establish causality between outputs and outcomes. The indicators and targets in the DMF for future projects, prepared under the new guidelines should be closely aligned with project outcomes and outputs.

Project Number: 37192-033
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program–Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 37192-023
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program—Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition problems experienced by NHA. This required working with provincial governments which have legal responsibility for land matters and going through the difficult experiences in harmonizing national laws and ADB’s policy for social safeguards. An independent consultant engaged under the institutional strengthening project in 2007 identified and presented these issues in a written report.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of baseline data and excessive number of targets in the original DMF was the result of inexperience with the MFF modality. The management of DMFs throughout the life of a MFF was a lesson to be learned but the lessons did not include the way in which baseline data was applied and targets designed. These topics were not new to project DMFs. It is also suggested that the overestimation of what the program could achieve is also a lesson to be learned and one which might be expected in a pioneer application of the MFF modality.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The $770 million appraisal estimate for 836 km of roads was overambitious given the 10-year time frame and the acknowledged low capacity of the NHA at appraisal. Project 1 design underestimated the security constraints to project preparation and implementation especially in Baluchistan which contained the largest proportion of project roads. Appropriate risks and assumptions were not adequately recognized by ADB until Project 2.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The institutional strengthening component was highly responsive to the operational deficiencies of the NHA. The design of this component was much weakened by NHA’s lack of commitment which caused delays and changes to the terms of reference and missed performance targets. Closer collaboration with the NHA prior to loan approval could have strengthened this component.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date: