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Lesson
ADB has become more proactive in handling crises and providing support to its developing member countries (DMCs) by delivering emergency assistance. The process has been defined further after the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing DMC governments to access and implement emergency programs smoothly and ADB to provide resources more effectively and efficiently.

Project Number: 56147-001
Project Name: Building Resilience with Active Countercyclical Expenditures Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of the government anti-crisis plan in terms of maintaining economic growth and protecting vulnerable groups validated the effectiveness of the government’s approach. The reforms it promoted proved successful in achieving the government’s goals of protecting vulnerable citizens, ensuring food security, and maintaining employment levels while promoting gender equality and climate and disaster resilience.

Project Number: 56147-001
Project Name: Building Resilience with Active Countercyclical Expenditures Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Support cannot be directed to the most vulnerable in a crisis in the absence of a social protection system that can be utilized or adapted for this purpose—which provides an additional reason for working with developing member countries to establish and strengthen such systems.

Project Number: 54346-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Specificity of intended outcome is essential to enable programming, innovation, and cycles of project improvement. The project’s outcomes were broadly defined and lacked clear pathways detailing how the outputs would interact with each other and achieve the outcomes. The vagueness is likely part of the reason that the design had significant gaps and flawed assumptions on how the activities would lead to the intended outcomes.

Project Number: 41509-013
Project Name: Rural Primary Health Services Delivery Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Use of data and planning to target delivery strategies improve performance. Staffing and access to medical supplies were common challenges and well recognized during project design and documented during the project, including through the formative evaluations, the DFAT-funded independent evaluation, and the project midterm review. The chief executive officers (CEOs) of the provincial health authorities in high-performing provinces identified the use of data and planning to target delivery strategies as a factor in improved performance.

Project Number: 41509-013
Project Name: Rural Primary Health Services Delivery Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing a comprehensive coordination unit for rural health transformation is a gargantuan and complex task requiring dedicated programming and targeted resources. A feature of the intended design, where the project support unit would be integrated into the Department of Health (DOH) to establish a comprehensive coordination unit for rural health transformation, was not realized. The ambition was relevant, and the government’s capability to manage projects to improve primary health care and coordinate partner programs should be strengthened.

Project Number: 41509-013
Project Name: Rural Primary Health Services Delivery Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Determining and improving the effectiveness of large and complex projects are far more complicated than measuring progress against the indicators in the design and monitoring framewrok (DMF). The emphasis on quantitative measures, even if well considered, could result in displacing goals and/or inaccurately representing project success or failure. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Implementation timelines, some DMF targets were unrealistic. The project provided for formative evaluations but they were not closely coordinated with the DMF.

Project Number: 41509-013
Project Name: Rural Primary Health Services Delivery Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The assessment of benefits from new or renovated irrigation systems cannot be meaningfully compiled without detailed farm budgets (cropping patterns, yields, production costs, farm-gate prices).

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
The selection of a single year as the baseline against which to measure the reduction in losses due to severe climate events is problematic. Since such events vary considerably from year to year, selecting a single year as the baseline can lead to distorted results. An alternative approach is to take the average of several years as the baseline. Another more meaningful alternative is to compare losses in areas protected by project works with similar neighboring areas without such works.

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
A detailed assessment of water adequacy and the introduction of proper operation and maintenance measures and an adequate level of water charges are critical to successful outcome and long-term sustainability of irrigation projects.\

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
In-depth analysis of the sector’s constraints and challenges both internally and externally, including the institutional arrangements and policies, can provide more realistic implementation of reforms focused on road maintenance.

Project Number: 40173-044
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - MFF and Project 3
Report Date:
Lesson
In terms of project design, in-depth analysis of various loan modality options and risks assessment, taking in consideration the ountry’s huge capacity and institutional gaps, can help design an appropriate loan modality. For example, a sector lending, which can also run for a decade and sustain capacity support to the sector, requires a sector analysis that covers a thorough analysis of the factors that affect the performance of the sector, including policy, institutional or regulatory frameworks, as well as the sustainability of the investment.

Project Number: 40173-044
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - MFF and Project 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Given the flexibility of the multitranche financing facility, if necessary, regular updating and revisions of project design and monitoring frameworks, including baseline data, are expected; thus, proper documentation of these changes can help improve assessment at completion. In addition, assessment of project impacts critically depends on the collection and analysis of project and other data. The establishment of a project performance management system is crucial in this regard.

Project Number: 40173-044
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - MFF and Project 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Early engagement with provincial governments can contribute to identifying and avoiding delays due to land acquisition issues. Based on the experience of forcible entry by local communities into two HPP sites, new projects are emphasizing the role of social safeguards and early consultation of local populations. The positive experience of engaging with the provincial government, which contributed to the eventual delivery of the Divune HPP under tranche 1, can serve as a lesson for future projects.

Project Number: 41504-013, 41504-023, 41504-025
Project Name: Town Electrification Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 2)
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Lesson
Project management units and implementing agencies need to verify the Completion and functionality of all project aspects before authorizing final payments. This is to ensure that all defects and deficiencies are addressed before final payments are made. For example, a key deficiency under this program was the absence of an operation and maintenance plan with confirmed budget allocations for all projects, a deficiency that meant non compliance with a covenant.

Project Number: 41504-013, 41504-023, 41504-025
Project Name: Town Electrification Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 2)
Report Date: