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Lesson
The way the lesson was formulated in the TCR could be improved (it is stated more like an issue rather than lesson learned). But lessons can be inferred that addressing reputational risk and additional costs for meeting green bonds requirements, ensuring a certain level of market maturity, and establishing clear regulations by market regulators are necessary conditions to the successful attainment of the TA objectives.

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+3
Report Date:
Lesson
The way the lesson was formulated in the TCR could be improved (it is stated more like an issue rather than lesson learned). But a lesson could be inferred that ensuring individual DMC commitment upfront and awareness measures could seamlessly facilitate progress towards the attainment of the objective of the TA.

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+3
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of a well-designed platform for generating long-term savings and investment products results in low achievement of program results.

Project Number: 48427-001, 48427-002
Project Name: Encouraging Investment through Capital Market Reforms Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR could have further discussed the benefits or disadvantages of having government agencies as local partners, such as the Policy Research Bureau of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, facilitate workshop organization and implementation.

Project Number: 53140-001
Project Name: Developing Accountability and Mechanism Framework for Financial Intermediaries
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR could have elaborated on the need for consultants to ably navigate (or be supported to navigate) the consultant management system to ensure timely closure of TA accounts.

Project Number: 53140-001
Project Name: Developing Accountability and Mechanism Framework for Financial Intermediaries
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR could have TCR could have provided further details about the national agenda/initiatives from India, Indonesia, and the PRC (Green Finance Initiative) brought about by the experience in developing this regional AMF. Based on the wrap-up workshop brief, staff from the East Asia Deparment, Central and West Asia Department, Office of the Special Project Facilitator, South Asia Department, and Sustainable Development and Climate Change Department, were present. Such details and other lessons from the Manila wrap-up workshop could have been mentioned in the TCR as well.

Project Number: 53140-001
Project Name: Developing Accountability and Mechanism Framework for Financial Intermediaries
Report Date:
Lesson
Infrastructure development requires substantial preparedness and investment in both time and money. Particularly, a cross_x005F_x0002_border project would require more time and efforts than a national project for coordination among different jurisdictions, thus, planning and implementation arrangement would require flexibility. In addition, rapid advancement in technology would affect IT architecture design, thus, additional flexibility as well as wider involvement of various stakeholders would be desirable.

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
Over the course of publishing three CSIF knowledge products, the TA could induce active involvement of the CSIF members raising awareness on the importance of regional market infrastructure for boosting intraregional investments among the members

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA was financed by Republic of Korea e_x005F_x0002_Asia and Knowledge Partnership Fund (EAKPF), and the budget was executed prudently and transparently as planned through close coordination with EAKPF Fund Team. Thanks to EAKPF’s funding, the TA could closely collaborate with the Government of the Republic of Korea, hire an expert from Korean financial market as a consultant, and expand its network to Korean markets, all of which contributed to effectually generating the outputs and the outcome of the TA.

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
Since the CSIF, which the TA supports has been a regional discussion platform under the ABMI TF4, consensus among members on subject matters was, and is, essential. To ensure regional consensus, the combination of inducing active participation of the members and engaging close consultation with ASEAN+3 government officials is quite important. In addition, further engagement with the private sector is more desirable, though the preference of the members is still informal and closed.

Project Number: 50055-001
Project Name: Creating a Regional Settlement Intermediary in ASEAN+3: Cross-Border Settlement Infrastructure Forum
Report Date:
Lesson
A programmatic approach is essential in addressing deep and technically challenging structural reforms.

Project Number: 48458-001, 48458-003
Project Name: Expanding Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
PPP projects need to address the particular issues and concerns of clients.

Project Number: 48458-001, 48458-003
Project Name: Expanding Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is essential for PPP institutions to maintain their independence from the political process to ensure continuing confidence in their decisions and operations.

Project Number: 48458-001, 48458-003
Project Name: Expanding Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Public-private partnership (PPP) efforts would have more far-reaching success if supported by an enabling legal framework.

Project Number: 48458-001, 48458-003
Project Name: Expanding Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The Japan Ministry of Finance and Japan International Cooperation Agency have been strong supporters of ACMF. ADB staff should explore opportunities to collaborate with these stakeholders in the implementation of future TA projects to provide visibility for their support and leverage on their role within the government and the private sector in Japan. The green bond study visit to Tokyo supported under this TA was a good start.The Investment Climate Facilitation Fund is a good source of TA funding forregional cooperation and integration.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date: