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Lesson
Translating public sector reforms into actual development outcomes is always challenging in a capacity-constrained public sector such as that of Tuvalu.

Project Number: 50377-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Public sector reforms in Tuvalu require persistent dialogue and longer-term in-country technical assistance (TA) support.

Project Number: 50377-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
SSelecting a sector of strength and having strong government backing and ownership enhances the value addition of Asian Development Bank− (ADB) financed projects.

Project Number: 43441-013
Project Name: North–South Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Supportive national regulations and legislation are required to expedite the preparation and implementation of projects funded by international financing institutions (IFIs) like ADB.

Project Number: 43441-013
Project Name: North–South Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Setting policy reforms as conditions for fund releases provides a useful incentive for advance reform actions.

Project Number: 47318-001
Project Name: Strengthened Fiscal Sustainability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
TA enhances the sustainability of the reform process.

Project Number: 47318-001
Project Name: Strengthened Fiscal Sustainability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Grants are particularly useful in providing immediate fiscal relief to small and fragile economies.

Project Number: 47318-001
Project Name: Strengthened Fiscal Sustainability Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Medium-term policy engagement. While a single-tranche modality was selected for ADB's operation, this was embedded in a programmatic, multiyear, policy reform effort with ongoing reforms contained in the policy reform matrix supported by several partners. The reforms selected were few in number but large in potential impact. They were clearly defined, widely owned, and had time-bound milestones that triggered financial and technical support, either by ADB or by other partners supporting the government-led reform effort.

Project Number: 45395-001
Project Name: Strengthened Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A single, government-led, policy matrix can enhance coordination and collaboration amongst development partners. The policy reform matrix has evolved into a highly consultative process around which development partners coordinate their budget support and technical assistance for reform. This process has helped the partners speak with one voice to the government and has created a situation in which line ministries actively compete to have reforms listed in the policy reform matrix.

Project Number: 45395-001
Project Name: Strengthened Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Ownership and continuity. Government leadership was strong in formulating the policy reform matrix, in coordinating policy dialogue, in mobilizing external budget support, and in formulating the program. Program reforms were championed by the Finance Minister, the permanent secretaries for Cabinet and Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, and the Australian-funded budget advisor. Their support was crucial to ensure that reforms were complete before the date that ADB's Board of Directors was to approve the grant.

Project Number: 45395-001
Project Name: Strengthened Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Public enterprise reforms. In small economies like Tuvalu, there will be constraints on efforts to sell state assets and encourage new private investment as economies and markets are simply too small to attract sufficient private interest. Pragmatic and flexible approaches, likely involving some measure of experimentation, need to be adopted in order to ensure that services are not disrupted, that losses are curtailed, and that performance improvements are realized.

Project Number: 45395-001
Project Name: Strengthened Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Complementary TA support. Capacity-building technical assistance support should be closely linked to policy reform matrix implementation. Capacity constraints hamper the government's ability to follow through on agreed reforms. Even though the program reform agenda was carefully prioritized and focused, the government had other policy reform matrix reforms and routine government administrative matters to attend to.

Project Number: 45395-001
Project Name: Strengthened Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB was able to use its convening power effectively because it had the necessary in-house technical expertise. Public health experts on ADB's staff with knowledge of emerging infectious diseases were involved in designing and implementing the project. This in-house expertise made the dialogue with the technical and regional agencies to strengthen regional collaboration within and across the animal health and human health sectors possible.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Each new outbreak of disease confronts projects such as this one, as well as the implementing partners and global community, with a fresh challenge, because its early spread outpaces the gathering of scientific evidence needed to formulate containment policies. Each successive outbreak is followed by an initial opaque period characterized by a frustrating lack of scientific evidence on which to base policies and technical guidance.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The rapid launch and accelerated implementation of the project made necessary by the threat that avian influenza would become a pandemic made it difficult to define verifiable indicators for a number of the outputs under the regional capacity building and regional coordination components. A mid-term review of the project would have facilitated a review and updating of the design and monitoring framework.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date: