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Lesson
The project management unit (PMU) and project implementation units (PIUs) should be staffed and consultants recruited in a timely manner to carry out the necessary work at an early stage, such as the preparation of subproject appraisal reports (SARs), land acquisition and involuntary resettlement plans (LARPs), detailed designs, and bid documents; the selection of contractors; and coordination with government agencies and other stakeholders.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Significant inflation during project implementation affected the project cost. The total project cost could have been less than that actually spent, if the initial 2-year delay in implementation had been avoided. Action should have been taken by all the parties concerned including ADB to ensure that the government was taking timely action.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The private sector in Pakistan also faces capacity constraints that prevent efficient and effective project implementation. This could be addressed by technical assistance programs to transfer good practices from other countries as well as to improve national educational institutions.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
This poor performance illustrates the need for the government to adopt a clear strategy on developing the transport sector in general and the sector - s institutions in particular. It has also helped identify areas for future technical assistance - project planning, safeguards monitoring, and project management.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Quality at entry. The institutional strengthening project could have been better designed in more consultation with the executing agency. The lack of understanding within the National Highway Authority (NHA) on the benefits of project, the delays in procuring the consultants, and the change in their terms of reference indicate the lack of ownership for policy reforms and institutional strengthening within the NHA. This contributed to the poor performance of the project.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Improve project implementation performance.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
For ADB to apply its Safeguards Policy Statement (2009) in cognizance of national laws.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Need to delay contractor mobilization in future until social safeguards have been complied with.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Need to raise awareness of the importance of social safeguards within the government at central and local levels.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation issues. The highway improvement project had a realistic time frame that took the implementation issues in Pakistan into account. These include governance, security, and institutional capacity constraints. Although one of the subprojects was delayed by 12 months and project implementation was affected by floods, this did not affect the overall project schedule. All these issues are likely to continue to impact current and future projects. Advance planning and adequate contingencies are essential for efficient project implementation.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
In the absence of specific terms of reference for international advisors, their contributions will tend to crowd out inputs provided by and the learning process of local staff.

Project Number: 37393-032, 37393-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Financial Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Sustained recourse to resident international advisors may perpetuate the dependency of decision makers on such advisors; and

Project Number: 37393-032, 37393-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Financial Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Without absorptive capacity in ministries, very little technical skills transfer will occur;

Project Number: 37393-032, 37393-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Financial Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The effectiveness of policy reforms under the program is ultimately determined by the competence of the different Afghan government agencies, which acquired new roles during the reform process. As a result, and in view of the pervasive capacity constraints that affect the government, the sustainability of the program requires substantial follow-up assistance. A second program focused on the implementation challenges created by the program should be considered, as that would also be in line with the current ADB country partnership strategy for Afghanistan.

Project Number: 37393-032, 37393-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Financial Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Government implementation of outstanding policy and monitorable actions should be prioritized to maintain reform momentum. It may be possible to tap parallel ongoing advisory technical assistance (TA) projects if further TA is needed. The delays in program implementation by the government are mostly due to lack of expertise, and not to lack of willingness to reform.

Project Number: 37393-032, 37393-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Financial Market Development Program
Report Date: