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Lesson
Due to inappropriate selection of the contractors, a significant delay in the completion of the contracts was caused by (i) weak planning; (ii) weak project management capacity; (iii) poor performance of the contractors; and (iv) inadequate participation of the lead partner, particularly the joint venture contractor, who was awarded three contract packages. Three out of five civil works contracts were ultimately terminated after a considerable delay. The criteria for the qualification of the contractor under a joint venture and for the award of multiple contracts should be strengthened.

Project Number: 31435-013
Project Name: Western Transport Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The National Highways Authority of India undertook several measures towards achieving project readiness such as (i) project preparation using its own funds; (ii) deployment of a project team at its headquarters and field office during the initial stage to supervise project preparation and undertake procurement activities and pre-construction activities; and (iii) advance action on civil works procurement, recruitment of construction supervision consultants, and pre-construction activities such as shifting of utilities, cutting of trees, and land acquisition.

Project Number: 31435-013
Project Name: Western Transport Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The relevance and rationale for including an institutional strengthening component to promote power sector reforms is questionable given the uncertainty over the government's strategy for power sector reforms. It is necessary to ascertain the government's vision and strategy for far-reaching sector reforms before committing resources to implement these reforms in lending projects.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project design and monitoring framework included components that are not directly related to the project. The implementation arrangements for these components were different from ADB-financed ZPSHPP, and ZPSC did not have any role in implementing these components. This prevented effective monitoring of the implementation of these components by ADB review missions, and confirming their efficacy in achieving the outcomes. Furthermore, the indicators to measure the poverty alleviation impacts were poorly defined as a result these could not be monitored during review missions.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Obtaining the agreement of affected people to the proposed resettlement sites and entitlements is also significant. Selecting relocation sites near an economic center provides better access to employment opportunities, and public services (such as schools and hospitals) help in obtaining the agreement of the affected people. Providing better housing conditions with basic infrastructure (such as piped water, electricity, internet, and telecommunications) modernized the lifestyle of the affected people, compared with old villages in mountainous areas.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Affected households should be provided with full information regarding their entitlements, livelihood options, and access to other services; and to secure their agreement for proposed resettlement sites as early as possible. The project owner should proactively engage in the consultation process, without delegating the responsibility for managing the resettlement to local government agencies. Consultations with the affected people were not effectively conducted by the local government, which caused significant delays because of lack of consensus on the resettlement sites.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Competent implementation supervision consultants are important to ensure the quality of the technical design and the performance of contractors for complex infrastructure projects. ZPSC highly appreciated the contribution from implementation consultants for the smooth implementation construction of the project within the original schedule.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing a dedicated entity for the design, construction, and operation the ZHSHPP contributed to the smooth implementation of the project and its subsequent operation. The core staff of Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Company (ZPSC) has been involved in the project from its inception, so the Company has a strong sense of ownership and institutional memory.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The overall financial strength and institutional capability of the sector are important to ensure the successful implementation of large infrastructure projects which require a significant amount of counterpart financing. The ADB loan contributed 21% of the cost of the ZPSHPP and 15% of the total project cost; the remaining financing was mobilized from domestic banks, shareholder financing, and local government financing.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A strong technical and economic rationale for the project ensures its success even if the institutional arrangements for its implementation change. Significant changes to the power sector in Hebei Province and to the implementation arrangements of the Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant (ZPSHPP) did not affect implementation of the ZPSHPP, as it had strong technical and economic relevance to the needs of the Hebei power system.

Project Number: 28212-013
Project Name: Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government should also be forewarned of the need to develop and install a support system to sustain the water management cooperative associations given their vulnerability to scheming and divisive tactics from various self-serving groups.

Project Number: 30209-013
Project Name: Second Small-Scale Water Resources Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation delays could not have ensued and loan extension could have been negated if the following were undertaken early on during project preparation or implementation: (i) identification and deployment of qualified personnel, (ii) conscientious study of the manpower requirements of the Integrated Water Resources Management Unitwith the view of stemming employee turnover and sustaining staff interest and commitment to work, (iii) careful selection of partner NGOs, and (iv) thorough needs assessment of subprojects.

Project Number: 30209-013
Project Name: Second Small-Scale Water Resources Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Recruitment of supervision consultants and major civil works contractor was delayed by the Roads and Highways Department. This delay was further aggravated by problems with land acquisition and tree removals. In recent ADB-assisted projects in Bangladesh, advance work for land acquisition, tree removal and resettlement commenced before selection of civil works contractors.

Project Number: 34415-013
Project Name: Road Network Improvement and Maintenance Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lesson.

Project Number: 39652-033
Project Name: Gansu Heihe Rural Hydropower Development Investment Program – Dagushan Hydropower Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The growing evidence that community-driven development approaches deliver investments that greatly impact beneficiaries in a cost-effective manner is presumably applicable to situations where it is feasible and economical for beneficiaries to observe project activities.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date: