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Lesson
Defining output and outcome indicators that reflect central elements of planned interventions and results chain can convincingly demonstrate attribution of observed outcomes to project-financed activities. In this case, the mismatch between some outputs, outcomes, and their associated indicators raised questions about attribution

Project Number: 45009-002
Project Name: Fifth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Attention to staff turnover at executing and implementing agencies can decrease the risk of misconduct and delays in project implementation. In this case, high staff turnover in the executing agency resulted in the inability to conduct procurement using ADB’s Procurement Guidelines.

Project Number: 45009-002
Project Name: Fifth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Careful political economy analysis can help identify potential legal or regulatory changes on the horizon that could impact planned interventions. In this case, changes in the regulatory framework related to hazardous waste management resulted in the cancelation of one output.

Project Number: 45009-002
Project Name: Fifth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Guidance for completing CPRO DMFs underscored the dynamic nature of a crisis operation and the need to be prepared to strengthen, amend or add DMF indicators during implementation. The fact that this was not followed reflects a built-in lack of flexibility with DMFs (and perhaps the difficulty of making changes in accordance with existing Project Administration Instructions).

Project Number: 54178-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and monitoring frameworks (DMFs) of the COVID-19 Pandemic Response Option (CPRO) extracted aspects of the government’s response plan that were important to ADB and restricted the number of indicators and targets in order not to burden the government. However, this made demonstrating outcome-level achievement difficult because it relies too much on one or two indicators and targets (weak horizontal logic) and is narrowly and inadequately supported by a minimal number of outputs (weak vertical logic).

Project Number: 54178-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system (PPMS) from the outset can enhance the quality of economic analyses. This system facilitates the systematic collection of data on project benefits and pertinent metrics, enabling the monitoring of project performance until completion. Specifically, monitoring the project's progress, identifying areas for improvement, and collecting socioeconomic data through a PPMS, could all help establish a comprehensive assessment of a project’s development results and improve the quality of economic analysis.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The development of a regulatory framework alongside the preparation of a project’s technical design could help enhance the autonomy and sustainability of water utilities. This, in turn, could lead to improved service delivery and better maintenance of project assets. Such a framework could include mechanisms for independent oversight and regulation of water utilities' operations and performance, as well as the provision of clear guidelines and policies for tariff setting and cost recovery, among other aspects.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Using readily available published data enables proper assessment of a project’s development impact. The installation and use of a robust energy resource planning system in a newly formed utility enables a comprehensive management information system; transparency and good governance in operations; and timely reporting.

Project Number: 43464-023
Project Name: Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The selection of suitable participating financial institution (PFI) partners is important to better implement a financial intermediation loan project. PFIs that are financially sound, have good track records, and are committed toward serving rural enterprises and SMEs are likely to be effective in implementing financial intermediation loans.

Project Number: 47305-002, 47305-004
Project Name: Horticulture Value Chain Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The formulation of a coherent results framework that logically links the inputs, activities, and outputs with the envisaged outcome facilitates better monitoring and measurement of project results. The quality of a design and monitoring framework is enhanced by outcome targets that are realistic and appropriately reflect the immediate changes of the outputs.

Project Number: 47305-002, 47305-004
Project Name: Horticulture Value Chain Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
With strong justification and available financing in place, government-proposed adjustments to output components during implementation can help ensure a project's continued alignment with evolving government strategies. This can also deliver more outputs that contribute directly to achieving the project's outcome and generate greater social and economic benefits. In this case, following the government's new policy on poverty reduction, the provincial and county governments proposed to resurface all the 1,200 km roads connecting lower-level village roads.

Project Number: 46040-003
Project Name: Yunnan Pu'er Regional Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When implementing land acquisition and resettlement activities, affected households, particularly ethnic minorities, must be adequately engaged in a culturally appropriate way, and their needs and willingness should be appropriately factored in during resettlement site selection and new house design. Meanwhile, an income restoration program should be properly designed and timed for implementation before the displacement of affected households. Diversification of livelihood options and income sources can help them better cope with displacement.

Project Number: 46040-003
Project Name: Yunnan Pu'er Regional Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For the gender action plan, indicators need to be designed to require reporting of baseline and latest data disaggregated by sex for evidence that the practice exists. In this project, indicators such as “MOH public information on drug safety including rapid alert system improved by 2014 (data on persons affected by unsafe drugs are sex-disaggregated)” and “minutes of community meetings and attendance lists were disaggregated by sex” were reported without evidence of sex-disaggregated data.

Project Number: 41243-012
Project Name: Fourth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical for project design to include key activities and budget for the executing agency and implementing agency to be accountable for realizing the targets indicated in the design and monitoring framework (DMF). In this case, the DMF indicator for “report identifying and addressing constraints on achieving gender balance in senior hospital management” was canceled due to the absence of activities and resources planned at the project design stage to identify and address the gender parity issues in senior hospital management.

Project Number: 41243-012
Project Name: Fourth Health Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Support cannot be directed to the most vulnerable in a crisis in the absence of a social protection system that can be utilized or adapted for this purpose—which provides an additional reason for working with developing member countries to establish and strengthen such systems.

Project Number: 54346-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date: