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Lesson
Adequate stakeholder consultations, conducted at all project stages, are essential to building consensus and preventing tensions and disagreements from negatively affecting implementation.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects require an in-depth assessment of ownership and use of land. Procurement for the Butwal auto village subprojects (AVS) was severely delayed by land ownership issues. The automobile enterprises were located on land leased from the municipality intended only for establishment of automobile enterprises, but the entrepreneurs used the land for business and residential purposes. These entrepreneurs were skeptical that their existing land uses could continue if they entered into a public-private partnership agreement, and thus protested the AVS.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of accurate and robust data, especially for traffic analysis, is crucial in assessing the economic viability and financial sustainability of the project. Together with plausible assumptions and parameters based on recent economic data, credibility of the economic and financial analysis can be strengthened. This is one area where ADB can provide technical and knowledge support by carefully reviewing the forecasts prepared and ensuring that they are based on the latest economic data. Economic benefits associated with incremental demand

Project Number: 35354-013
Project Name: Lanzhou–Chongqing
Railway Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Complex projects are better designed and implemented if there is a clear government sector plan that is fully supported both at the national and provincial levels. This was demonstrated by the country’s railway development plan and its financial allocations. The national government successfully reached out to private banks for cofinancing, and the provincial governments had a strong buy-in through their smooth implementation of land acquisition and resettlement plan.

Project Number: 35354-013
Project Name: Lanzhou–Chongqing
Railway Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For project areas where differences in language is considered a significant challenge, setting aside resources for translation andcommunication with the local government officials can mitigate misunderstanding during project preparation.

Project Number: 44007-013
Project Name: Jiangxi Fuzhou Urban
Integrated Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project benefit identification, quantification, and valuation depend on the establishment and effective use of PPMS. The project was not successful in training FMG staff in the use of PPMS and, therefore, the project benefits in the EIRR calculation in the PCR were put into question.

Project Number: 44007-013
Project Name: Jiangxi Fuzhou Urban
Integrated Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The significant changes on the approved route on the BRT component at appraisal could have been avoided if significant resources to explain the BRT concept, issues, and challenges at the local context were provided during project preparation

Project Number: 44007-013
Project Name: Jiangxi Fuzhou Urban
Integrated Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sound project design requires adequate technical input and open communication with key participants and/or stakeholders. Greater technical input was necessary to appraise the government’s proposed components during project preparation. Specifically, the design flaws in output 2, credit lines for biogas value chains and other climate-smart agriculture waste management investments, would have been avoided if the processing team had access to livestock, environmental, and institutional specialists with appropriate country knowledge to support the financial management specialist.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Research activities must be undertaken early in project implementation. Where research is needed to guide the introduction of new technologies, such research is better undertaken in advance of a project so that results can be incorporated in the project design. In this project, the 5-year project time frame was too short in undertaking research, evaluating results, and effecting replication. This time frame was further exacerbated by denying the participation of government-owned research institutes in the research program.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement should be exhaustive. Developing a procurement strategy with proper analysis of market availability, operating environment, including capacity assessments of executing and implementing agencies, and risk management will help the project achieve its intended results in a timely manner. Where a project requires participation of government-owned universities or research centers, attention should be paid at project appraisal to para. 1.13 (c) of ADB’s Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2013, as amended from time to time).

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in scope and subsequent revision of the DMF with board approval are critical in ensuring that the project’s intended outcome can be achieved. Adjusting the DMF and its indicators should be made as soon as the need becomes apparent, ideally during the early stage of implementation or at the mid-term review. In particular, a mid-term review provides an opportune time to conduct an in-depth assessment of whether a project is likely to achieve its outcome and outputs, and whether the output and outcome targets remain pertinent for the project context and development objective.

Project Number: 38594-013
Project Name: Guiyang Integrated Water Resources Management (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A strong and clear DMF is crucial for tracking project results. It is only possible to measure progress if the DMF has strong and clear performance indicators and targets which include definitions and baselines. During the design stage, these components need to be clearly defined to strengthen project readiness. At completion, the clear indicators and targets will provide an appropriate measurement of results that can reflect the actual achievements at completion.

Project Number: 38594-013
Project Name: Guiyang Integrated Water Resources Management (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
With climate change exerting new and increasing demands on road and bridge networks, future economic analyses for transport projects should take a broader perspective in calculating economic benefits. The economic analysis for this project compared with-project and without-project scenarios to derive its economic benefits. The definition of the with-project scenario assumed time and vehicle operating cost savings from less traffic congestion and improved traffic flow. The benefits from less congestion accounted for 93% of the total net benefits.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close and consistent supervision by ADB is crucial in ensuring quality road works and effective project implementation. The quality of construction supervision (including bridge design) and close, regular supervision by ADB since 2017 were critical in ensuring the quality of bridge construction and installation under this project. Despite delays and issues in financial management and procurement, the project achieved high-quality bridge construction, which contributed to project effectiveness.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering the construction costs and number of subprojects as tentative when there are significant technical unknowns that cannot be determined during the design stage will help mitigate the risks and facilitate the implementation of sector loan projects. Under this project’s preparatory technical assistance (TA), cost estimates were prepared under conditions of significant technical information gaps for all potential bridge sites.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date: