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Lesson
Proposing reforms during crises requires careful risks assessments, including in particular the likelihood of reforms being sustained, and well-prepared mitigation measures. It also requires an in-depth knowledge of the sector in the country through previous successful involvement and will demand intensive policy dialogue to be pursued after the crisis. These conditions, which were met by ADB for this overall project, were essential for the success of the project. Social protection and social assistance programs are politically sensitive.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical knowledge in the sector and confident partnership with the sector’s main agencies built up over long-term policy dialogue are required for successful interventions and country assistance in a period of crises. When the food and financial crises required rapid assistance to Mongolia, ADB’s sector knowledge and the relations built up over several years of policy dialogue and assistance were the basis for rapidly preparing a program and project package to assist the government.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender considerations need to be fully integrated in the design of projects and be reflected in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) to ensure that these are effectively addressed during project implementation. The executing and implementing agencies had limited commitment and involvement in the implementation of the Gender action plan (GAP), reflecting the view that the Gender dimension is separate from the main project activities.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Phased implementation of the proxy means test (PMT) is a crucial strategy for providing allowance to important factors affecting the effectiveness of targeted social assistance in reaching its intended beneficiaries. The program duration of 36 months set during the design of the original project was insufficient to introduce a targeting methodology and targeted social assistance in a country where there was no previous related experience.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The results chains of original and additional financing projects (AFPs) need to be aligned to ensure consistency in performance evaluation. Given that the scope of the AFP was different from that of the original project, it should have been processed as a new project. Because of the difference in scope, the impact and outcome statements as well as performance Indicators of the two projects did not align, making it challenging to reconcile and evaluate the overall project achievements.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Proper handover of project responsibilities and documents will prevent staff turnover from negatively impacting project implementation and documentation. Staff turnover at the executing and implementing agencies caused implementation delays and loss of institutional memory. The executing agency was not able to prepare the project completion report because staff could not recall or find information related to the original project. The unintended consequences would have been prevented by proper handover of documents and responsibilities.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 36008-013
Project Name: Lower Secondary Education for the Most Disadvantaged Regions Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The design monitoring framework would have better tracked improvements in the quality of LSE in the target regions if it had measured the impact of the inputs, rather than only the inputs. For example, instead of counting the number of ethnic minority upper secondary education (USE) graduates who received a scholarship, the indicator could have measured the number who received scholarships and who returned to their own communities to work, which was the project's original intention.

Project Number: 36008-013
Project Name: Lower Secondary Education for the Most Disadvantaged Regions Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Relevant project design. The project's target identification methodology was relevant and sophisticated. Prior to this project, ADB support to disadvantaged provinces covered all parts of 22 provinces (determined by the government), which was nearly a third of the country. In contrast, the targeted support of the project resulted in focused investment on the poorest groups.

Project Number: 36008-013
Project Name: Lower Secondary Education for the Most Disadvantaged Regions Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Internal LSE subsector cooperation and coordination. Some project activities required close cooperation among stakeholders. For example, campaigns promoting the importance of LSE among disadvantaged communities in remote areas, where young children contribute to the family income through employment, required committed engagement by Ministry of Education and Training (MOET), Department of Education and Training (DOET), Bureau of Education and Training (BOET), teachers, and others, to ensure that LSE awareness campaigns reached their target audience.

Project Number: 36008-013
Project Name: Lower Secondary Education for the Most Disadvantaged Regions Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Capacity building for sustainability of project outcome and outputs. Project design strengthened the planning and management capacity of education planners and managers. This investment for the future is necessary to ensure sustainability of the project outcome and outputs over the longer term. In addition, one sub-output of the project introduced the concept of continuing professional development, to provide opportunities and support for teachers to systematically improve their knowledge and skills throughout their teaching careers.

Project Number: 36008-013
Project Name: Lower Secondary Education for the Most Disadvantaged Regions Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Participatory approach to project design and implementation. Extensive consultation with and participation by key stakeholders from project formulation through implementation resulted in higher ownership of the project among stakeholders. It also led to realistic and implementable project design, and allowed for an effective response to challenges encountered by the LSE subsector. It also promoted good coordination and communication, which was necessary for a timely resolution of issues.

Project Number: 36008-013
Project Name: Lower Secondary Education for the Most Disadvantaged Regions Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project that requires behavioral change within communities needs a long-term agenda. Measuring the impact of such a project will take time. A project may be deemed successful on the basis of short-term outcomes, but it may not endure, particularly if there were deficiencies during project implementation. Thus, setting impact performance indicators to be achieved by 2012 (the year of project closing) might have been too short-term.

Project Number: 38117-013
Project Name: Nutrition Improvement through Community Empowerment Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lesson.

Project Number: 43096-013
Project Name: Social Sectors Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The technical assistance (TA) attached to the program proved to be crucial to achieving the policy reforms. The TA inputs ensured the technical quality and overall sustainability of the policy measures and contributed significantly to the success of the program. The experience points to the need to back up program loans with strong technical assistance.

Project Number: 43096-013
Project Name: Social Sectors Support Program
Report Date: