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Lesson
It is particularly important for complex sector development programs to (i) better plan the completion timeline, (ii) avoid linking performance indicators to multiple targets, and (iii) include in the project scope components that will address major beneficiary needs (house service connections in this program) that would enhance program relevance. The weak institutional capacity of implementing agencies and water source sustainability affected the project’s effectiveness and sustainability. The gender equality and social inclusion design could also have been better aligned.

Project Number: 42267-026
Project Name: Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Source sustainability issues leading to disruptions in the water supply and contributing to increases in nonrevenue water and infrastructure leakage index consequently impact service delivery and monitoring.

Project Number: 42267-026
Project Name: Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Time overruns could occur because of (i) the introduction of a new contracting modality that require longer lead time and stronger staff capacity, (ii) rebids due to the termination of nonperforming contracts, and (iii) challenges in the management of contractual disputes.

Project Number: 42267-026
Project Name: Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering the attainment of as many benefits as possible in the project design could facilitate a real, inclusive impact on the beneficiaries.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely recruitment of consultants is a fundamental requisite in effective project development and supervision. Improving project design and supervision through constant monitoring and periodic review can lead to better development results.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An off-site sanitation system with a broad coverage area is feasible in Indonesia and may be scaled up to support national sanitation targets. The project, under the Yogyakarta subproject, was to able to successfully operate an off-site sanitation system covering all the administrative areas of the city and the districts of Sleman and Bantul. Against the 14,700 targeted additional sewer connections, it completed 17,880 connections or 121.63% of the target.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close collaboration between key government agencies and the local community enables adequate operation and maintenance (O&M) of project facilities through community-based activities. Sanitasi Berbasis Masyarakat (community-based sanitation), being one of the national programs implemented by the water supply and environmental sanitation working group established by Indonesia’s National Development Planning Agency in 2013, made it easier for the project to mobilize the communities to participate during the design and implementation stages.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A unified bill covering both water supply and sanitation services provides a practical approach to improving the revenue stream for wastewater management. Compared to water supply; it is often harder to collect tariffs for wastewater management services. The local water supply company in Medan; the capital city of the North Sumatra province; has provided a practical solution to this by installing a unified billing system for water supply and wastewater management services.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strengthening partnerships among bilateral and multilateral organizations, especially in the Pacific region, supplements a government’s initiatives. For instance, complementary work among these donors helps a government in redesigning projects struck by disasters during implementation, especially to realign project components alongside the urgent needs of disaster recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction efforts.

Project Number: 42391-013
Project Name: Port Vila Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparatory studies of project design, which ensure technical feasibility during project preparatory phase, help reduce the effect of implementation delays that may arise due to changes in project scope or geographical conditions. As such, project master plans need to be properly supplemented by technical details to ensure suitable configuration of components. These need to cover the whole range of alternative technical options that are available.

Project Number: 42391-013
Project Name: Port Vila Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensure dedicated PCU with full-time project director. There is a need for a dedicated project management team led by a director responsible for day-to-day management and completion of each ADB-financed project. The program suffered from high PCU staff turnover including of the director. Frequent change of staff led to delays in approving bid evaluation reports and contract variation orders, as time is needed for new staff to familiarize with project procedures.

Project Number: 42489-053
Project Name: Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
Develop higher project readiness. It would have helped to reduce the project start-up delays and avoid gaps in monitoring. Closer ADB monitoring and more review missions may have helped to push critical readiness actions.

Project Number: 42489-053
Project Name: Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
Modernize wastewater discharge standards. Updating the standards based on international good practice (e.g., EU or EPA) and strengthening technical capacity, regulations, and enforcement mechanisms including fees would improve compliance with the wastewater discharge standards. The wastewater standards are currently unattainable with available technologies and capital and are therefore largely neglected by operators and regulators.

Project Number: 42489-053
Project Name: Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
Introduce public accountability and grievance redress mechanisms for transparency and developing trust with customers. Lack of an effective mechanism for public accountability contributed to the of deficiencies project implementation. It also becomes the main contributor to the WSS sector’s inefficiency. Accountability of public utilities to the public for their services and operations is critical for performance of the WSS sector. Water utility operations are interwoven with public needs.

Project Number: 42489-053
Project Name: Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment Program - Tranche 4
Report Date:
Lesson
Midterm review and appraisal for additional financing are opportune times to revise and enhance the project DMF indicators and baselines.

Project Number: 37381-013, 37381-023
Project Name: Dry Zone Urban Water and Sanitation Project
Report Date: