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Lesson
Continued timely adjustments in tariffs could make projects financially viable. The project financial reevaluation at completion concluded that the project was financially viable subject to continued timely adjustments in tariff. This has legal basis as Decree 124/2011/ND-CP allows WSCs to propose water tariffs in a tariff roadmap, which provincial governments approve. The tariff roadmaps of the participating WSCs included adjustments every two years. However, only one adjustment was made in 2019–2022 due to the impacts of COVID-19.

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional arrangements to implement mandatory safeguard polices and reporting systems and gender action plans need to be established in the initial stages of the project. This is to avoid potential delays which could adversely impact project adherence to social and environmental safeguards and gender equality results. Adequate human, rechnical, and budgetary resources and strict monitoring by the PMU and ADB are required to ensure compliance.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Collection of both quantitative and qualitative data on gender impacts need to be incorporated in the design of future community engagement initiatives. Such data should provide indications on how and to what degree the initiative reduces women's time poverty, improves their well-being, and boosts their ability to engage in productive activities.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The imposition of sewerage tariffs needs to be carefully thought out and based on a thorough study, as these could discourage low-income households from connecting to new sanitation services. Sewerage tariffs were proposed based on the “user pays” principle as one of two means to increase resources for the operation and maintenance of project facilities. However, sanitation services are overall viewed as a public good not suited to the "user pays" principle. Moreover, given the dire pre- project sanitation situation in South Tarawa, the principle may not work.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Well-planned integrated urban development investments—possibly including a South Tarawa-wide sewage collection and disposal system along with subsidized toilet and flushing facilities for low-income households— are necessary to substantially address the sanitation issue in South Tarawa. It was recognized from the outset that the project could only be the start of a comprehensive solution to the serious sanitation problem in South Tarawa.

Project Number: 43072-013
Project Name: South Tarawa Sanitation Improvement Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Assessment of risks related to tariff policy implementation needs to be included in the project preparatory tehnical assistance to ensure that these risks are addressed in the project design. The risk assessment in the design phase did not adequately discussethe feasibility of fully implementing the water tariff policy, and accordingly plan the mitigation measures.

Project Number: 42266-013, 42266-023
Project Name: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Imprest fund and direct payment procedures could impact timely advance fund payment, leading to delays. Direct payment and reimbursement procedure was used by the project until 2018. This was discontinued in accordance with the policy change of the Government of India. Disbursements were on track— from the first disbursement on 12 September 2014—and reached 88.3% of the revised loan amount by the end of the original loan closing date of 30 June 2019.

Project Number: 42266-013, 42266-023
Project Name: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Essential infrastructure and services can positively impact gender equity when designed to address the specific needs and responsibilities of women. This project contributed significant time savings for rural women by releasing them from the burden of fetching water,. Extra time provided them the opportunity to redirect their efforts to economically and socially productive tasks, spending time with family, and leisure activities.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Weak financial management performance of executing agencies and systemic issues could affect timely compliance to covenants. Under this project, the covenants related to the annual project financial statements (APFSs) and audited entity financial statements (AEFSs) were fully complied with. However, submissions were delayed due to financial management and systemic issues. As a result, submission of annual audits conducted by statutory auditors appointed by the state government was likewise routinely delayed.

Project Number: 42266-013, 42266-023
Project Name: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Early identification of the need for minor changes in gender and other indicators and aligning them with the performance indicators in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) strengthen the relevance of the gender action plan and other pertinent project component.

Project Number: 38254-013, 38254-063
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
The value addition of mainstreaming gender equality in terms of capacity building and awareness raising, and ensuring the participation of women, maximizes project benefits for women. It gives them the opportunity to participate in activities related to urban and water sectors and to develop skills that will increase their livelihood and income-generating opportunities

Project Number: 38254-013, 38254-063
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Government budget regulations, particularly on official development assistance (ODA), the main source of ADB funding, need to be fully considered during appraisal as these could cause disbursement delays. In 2015, the allocation of ODA funds to project Implementation units was late and in 2016 no funds were allocated. This meant delays in project Implementation.

Project Number: 46293-005
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Thorough project costing, including for the subproject components, is essential to smooth project implementation and success. Careful and precise estimation of costs and setting aside resources to cover future price escalations is required.

Project Number: 43405-024
Project Name: Urban Services Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
A timely and appropriate change in scope and reallocation of grant (or loan) proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available grant (or loan) resources in a more targeted and efficient manner, facilitate the conduct of more activities, potentially deliver more outputs, and maintain the project's relevance and effectiveness.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Optimal contingency allocations will minimize partial loan cancellation.

Project Number: 40648-034
Project Name: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism - Tranche 3
Report Date: