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Lesson
Adequate consultation and participation at the state and community level during project design and scope change are essential for understanding the institutional capacity, and for identifying appropriate implementation arrangements and required technical assistance. Although most of the project activities were at state level, the project was designed to be managed at the national level. Consultations with all stakeholders at state or lower level during the design and preparation of scope changes would have been helpful to identify most appropriate activities and arrangements.

Project Number: 33312-013
Project Name: Basic Social Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Although the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) government and ADB flexibly responded to the changes required as a result of second Compact, few activities were implemented during the first 5 years after the project was approved. To respond to such changes, long-term technical assistance on the ground and closer communication between local stakeholders and ADB is critical, through consultations and review missions.

Project Number: 33312-013
Project Name: Basic Social Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To improve ownership, state governments should be closely involved in project monitoring and evaluation.

Project Number: 33312-013
Project Name: Basic Social Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing long-term technical assistance at the state level would be more appropriate to support long-term development, including human resource development and monitoring and quality control systems. Institutional capacity developments require gradual changes and long-term support at the local level would be more efficient.

Project Number: 33312-013
Project Name: Basic Social Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Even a minor or routine problem—e.g., the currency of the second-generation imprest accounts in the districts—can prove fatal and bring down the entire project if left unresolved over a long time.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Overly complex and ambitious projects are difficult to implement especially when the executing agency is not familiar with the procedures and institutional practices of ADB.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for steps to be taken at an early stage to keep the TA on track, and ensure that it is being managed according to the objectives of the loan program that it is supporting. IED’s 2005 SAPE for Social Sectors in Pakistan in fact had anticipated these based on the issues that it identified from the then implementation of SDSSP.

Project Number: 34337-033
Project Name: Sindh Devolved Social Services Project [Loan 2049-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
The persistence of a minor or routine problem could mask serious underlying issues that the project design left unidentified or unresolved, e.g., ownership of the project objectives or governance issues.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Paying salaries for government staff in project management or implementation units can cause problems of overstaffing or inappropriate appointments. A salary supplement may often be a better option, where essential, but with strict limits on eligibility to avoid the same problems.

Project Number: 38135-013
Project Name: Multisector Rehabilitation and Improvement Project for Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Report Date:
Lesson
Where institutional weakness is evident, means of assuring adequate support could include capacity building TA, over which ADB has more control than it does when using loan implementation consultants.

Project Number: 38135-013
Project Name: Multisector Rehabilitation and Improvement Project for Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 34337-013
Project Name: Sindh Devolved Social Services Program
Report Date:
Lesson
To ensure proper sequencing and smooth coordination between components, the project implementation unit should have been responsible for the overall management of project components. The project provides for both software and hardware assistance as a comprehensive package. GTZ was financing the software side of the project and ADB provides for the hardware support. Since different departments in the Ministry of Labor and Human Resources managed the GTZ and ADB financed components, the sequencing of activities suffered.

Project Number: 31317-012
Project Name: Basic Skills Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project team should pay particular attention to selecting the top leadership of assisted institutions to the extent possible, and build in mechanisms to evaluate the performance of VTIs and award good performance to provide incentives. Given the same bureaucratic or external constraints, differences in performance of the VTIs can be attributed largely to differences in the quality of leadership. Furthermore, mechanisms (including incentives) can be established to evaluate and encourage good performance. [Main text, para. 44]

Project Number: 31317-012
Project Name: Basic Skills Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A complete package of assistance should be provided to vocational training institutes (VTIs) to ensure the delivery of quality training. Taking into account existing resources, reducing the number of VTIs assisted could have been a better option vis-a-vis thinly spreading available resources to more VTIs. In some VTIs, for instance, a building was constructed or renovated but only minimal equipment was provided.

Project Number: 31317-012
Project Name: Basic Skills Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The physical appearance of existing buildings, landscape, and teaching equipment at an educational institution is a good indicator of budget allocation for maintenance and commitment by teaching and administrative staff to a good work environment. It should not be assumed that where maintenance of existing facilities is poor, new buildings and teaching equipment provided under a project will fare any better.

Project Number: 22045-013
Project Name: Six Universities Development and Rehabilitation in Indonesia
Report Date: