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Lesson
A balanced approach to urban land use ensures success. A “bottom-up” approach to urban land use could help avoid a potential overload of infrastructure and service networks due to overcrowding, pollution, increased poverty, and environmental degradation. Building on the success of the village area improvement initiative, in particular (but also community participation initiatives in earlier ADB-supported urban projects), support for community planning could complement and support higher level urban and regional plans.

Project Number: 33432-013
Project Name: Vientiane Urban Infrastructure and Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Bringing in private sector experience yields efficiency. The eventual full participation of Tianjin Capital Environmental Protection Company (TCEPC) in component A was a good demonstration of private sector participation, particularly in bringing about the required expertise in running a wastewater treatment plant. Aside from the Beicang wastewater treatment plant, TCEPC is also responsible for the operations of three other large-scale wastewater treatment plants in Tianjin.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
Difficult decentralization reforms will benefit from a systematic sector-wide approach to change. While building toward common reform agenda goals, several ADB initiatives toward decentralized urban governance were not adequately linked. This long process would have benefited from a comprehensive reform framework based on institutional, political, and economic imperatives and a clear sector road map.

Project Number: 33432-013
Project Name: Vientiane Urban Infrastructure and Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Emergency projects such as this one tend to be difficult to administer and implement and difficult for ADB to properly guide and oversee. This is because speed is of the essence to restore normal activity, and subprojects tend to be spread over large geographical areas. As such, ADB has to depend not only on review mission diligence but also on consultants and the government agencies involved. ADB’s procedures, while fully adequate for non-emergency projects, tend to slow the implementation of emergency projects such as this one, so due diligence is sometimes truncated.

Project Number: 37680-013
Project Name: Emergency Rehabilitation Project [Loan 2045-KGZ]
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementing urban institutional reform is complex. Careful attention must be paid to the following aspects of urban institutional reform: (i) its acceptance by all key stakeholders through a participatory process; (ii) a thorough understanding of local politics; (iii) realistic phasing, sequencing, and timing of its institutional and policy reform; and (iv) an appropriate balance between allocated resources and expectations of the stakeholders involved. A more open-ended policy dialogue may yet prove more helpful than the application of loan covenants.

Project Number: 33432-013
Project Name: Vientiane Urban Infrastructure and Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate consultation and better communication with affected people for projects experiencing resettlement issues can reduce implementation delays. Historically, resettlement implemented for the Yuqiao Reservoir occurred in three phases: 1960–1967, 1973, and 1979–1982. It was complex. Delays in the implementation of the resettlement subcomponent of this project could have been mitigated if lessons from the past have been taken into account.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 34476-013
Project Name: Gansu Clean Energy Development Project [Loan 2032-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 34097-013
Project Name: Shanxi Road Development II Project [Loan 1967-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
Complementarity of projects and donor coordination would improve operational efficiency. Sewerage construction needs to be fully addressed in the early stage of the project, particularly as it affects the implementation of wastewater treatment operations. Further to this, when the two are implemented by different funding institutions, the need for inter-donor coordination is essential to ensure that project operations and targeted completion are not compromised.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
The decentralized approach introduced during implementation contributed to strengthening the capacity of PIUs and speeded up project progress. PIUs demonstrated their abilities in implementing, supervising, and monitoring physical activities, as well as in managing civil works contracts. As a result, the project implementation was expedited at around midterm and caught up to schedule despite the delays in early stages of project implementation.

Project Number: 31352-013
Project Name: Small Towns Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Local government counterpart funding should not be included in future projects because such funds were invariably delayed which resulted in implementation delays.

Project Number: 33548-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Feeder roads, large drinking water supply, and surface water diversion schemes cannot be classified under the umbrella of participatory small-scale infrastructure, as these schemes require specialized technical skills and high operation and maintenance costs. In the future, these should be classified as government-managed medium-scale infrastructure subprojects.

Project Number: 29586-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Barani Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Acceptance and application of integrated ecosystem management (IEM). The IEM approach is highly relevant to combating land degradation in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and is a significant departure from traditional practices and therefore, requires time to become fully accepted. Good progress to date suggests that the full 10-year period, as originally designed, will be required.

Project Number: 36445-022
Project Name: Capacity Building to Combat Land Degradation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To simplify the administration and financing of various subprojects, component-based financing is suggested for area-based rural development projects in which subcomponents will be financed by one financier only, together with government counterpart funding, instead of jointly by all financing sources.

Project Number: 29586-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Barani Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Initial implementation delays can be reduced by completing more works during project preparation such as (a) preparation of request for proposal for consulting services, (b) approval of feasibility studies by the government, (c) preparation of tender documents for the first contract package; and (d) advance actions for the procurement of consulting services or construction contracts.

Project Number: 33548-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date: