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Lesson
Project facilities need to be turned over to local governments to ensure long-term operational and institutional sustainability. Municipalities did not exist in many towns at project appraisal. Hence, water user associations (WUAs) led the project. Since the service areas of individual WUAs are now a part of their respective municipality, municipalities are expected to support the operation and maintenance (O&M) of the water supply and sanitation facilities to ensure long-term operational and institutional sustainability

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When ADB chooses to finance activities in a member country jointly with development partners, it needs to closely monitor their assessment, utilize their database, and build on their knowledge products as appropriate such that development cooperation reports on the mutual synergies and becomes genuinely “finance++”.

Project Number: 51129-002
Project Name: Human Development Enhancement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Climate change can negatively impact the performance of solar power plants and this needs to be considered in planning and implementing similar projects. In the past 3 years, due to climate change, the project encountered more cloudy and rainy days than estimated at project appraisal. This has caused less solar direct irradiation, negatively impacting electricity generation. This experience may be useful in planning and implementing future solar projects.

Project Number: 46058-002
Project Name: Qinghai Delingha Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project focusing on microfinance could help remove obstacles to micro-insurance or other risk transfer schemes in the agricultural sector. The project did not create a market for micro-insurance as envisaged.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
Less stringent selection criteria, which enables the participation of more eligible financial institutions, could optimize the impact of microlending short-term, low-interest loans in unbanked but regularly earning agricultural communities. The selection of partner participating financial institutions (PFIs) for the microlending component of this project may have been too strict. This resulted in the participation of only 3 of the 6 large PFIs in Tajikistan, all of which are foreign-owned and likely to have been effective partners.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough assessment of the financial management capacity of executing agencies (EAs) is required to mitigate the risk of financial issues disrupting project implementation or leading to non-compliance to loan covenants/grant agreements. The Agency for Land Reclamation and Irrigation (ALRI), the EA for 2 of this project’s 4 intended outputs, did not monitor the commercial bank that held the advance accounts for said outputs. When the bank became insolvent, part of the advance accounts was frozen, and was refunded only after government intervention albeit with significant delay.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
Flexibility during implementation enhances program responsiveness. The government made timely adjustments to ensure complementarities between two major assistance programs at the time—the United States’ Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act 2020 that provided unemployment benefits to citizens of Palau and the country’s own Coronavirus Relief One-Stop Shop (CROSS) Act of 2020 that provide relief to the private sector. Funding from the CROSS components with lower uptake were reallocated to those with higher demand.

Project Number: 54245-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects require an in-depth assessment of ownership and use of land. Procurement for the Butwal auto village subprojects (AVS) was severely delayed by land ownership issues. The automobile enterprises were located on land leased from the municipality intended only for establishment of automobile enterprises, but the entrepreneurs used the land for business and residential purposes. These entrepreneurs were skeptical that their existing land uses could continue if they entered into a public-private partnership agreement, and thus protested the AVS.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects should provide room for any kind of response from affected people, businesses, and other entities. The risk of delayed LAR was envisaged at project preparation, and mitigation measures were developed and implemented. Still, unexpected requests or demands were raised by project-affected people and businesses, leading to 51 complaints filed on issues such as compensation standards, physical quantity of demolition, and compensation amount.

Project Number: 45506-002
Project Name: Gansu Jiuquan Integrated Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Specific requirements for land acquisition and resettlement need to be completed prior to project implementation. Obtaining the necessary clearances and permits early on to meet the pertinent safeguards compliances can help in identifying any risk or grievance issues that can potentially delay the execution of project activities. Under the project, some components were substantially delayed due to the prolonged site turnover including the issuance of the appropriate permits, such as coastal land-use certificate, planning and construction permits, and utility lines.

Project Number: 42010-013
Project Name: Guangxi Southwestern Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The sustainability of rural infrastructure investments would require a dedicated institution and access to financial resources. An institution responsible for rural infrastructure and access to financial resources are two critical aspects to ensure the sustainability of rural infrastructure investments. The former is considered a necessary condition and the latter a sufficient condition without which sustainability cannot be assured.

Project Number: 37097-013
Project Name: Integrated Rural Development Sector Project in the Central Provinces
Report Date:
Lesson
Rebuilding model schools provides opportunities to demonstrate their usefulness to the larger school program and to communities particularly in building disaster-resilient schools, and to develop knowledge and skills in disaster risk management. It also provides a space for greater social inclusion and increased ownership as local authorities and communities are mobilized for rebuilding and reconstruction.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing and implementing an asset maintenance plan, which remains important to break the wasteful build–neglect–rebuild cycle in the road transport sector of Papua New Guinea (PNG), is a pending business needing consistent follow up from development partners like ADB. Limited annual recurrent funding for operation and maintenance (O&M) was an underlying cause for developing this bridge replacement project along with capacity development for an asset management system.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Viet Nam’s procurement law prohibits executing and implementing agencies from issuing bidding documents until capital resources for the packages have been allocated. The procurement for complex projects may take more than 1 year from bidding documents’ issuance to contract awards. Applying ADB’s advanced actions can mitigate this procurement risk.

Project Number: 39500-013, 39500-023
Project Name: Ho Chi Minh City Urban Mass Rapid Transit Line 2 Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2, and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date: