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Lesson
The program proved to be a timely and effective means of channeling support to the government. Designed with coordinated support from various development partners,the government-led program, was coherent and relevant and delivered most of its intended outputs and outcomes. Several performance Indicators had specific Gender targets, which supported the government’s efforts to deliver on its commitment to women’s empowerment during a period when women were disproportionately affected by the impacts of the pandemic.

Project Number: 54188-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
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Lesson
Strong community support is better assured through collaboration with local groups. Even in baghs (subdistricts) where shelters were not constructed, community support was strong because of the BNGs established by the project. Community ties nurtured through the BNGs have resulted in knowledge exchange, responsibility-sharing among the herders, and efficient use of BNG revolving funds and disaster risk reduction equipment and tools. BNGs organized various activities that benefited the whole community, such as road repairs and fence-building new fences.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
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Lesson
Extensive community consultations and information dissemination helped improve the uptake of infrastructure services and hygiene practices. Focusing on behavioral change among the poor and vulnerable population groups and working through behavioral change leaders and women's self-help groups, the project significantly helped reduce open defecation practices. To sustain interventions that induce rapid adoption of improved sanitation services, it trained women-led community-based committees to promote public hygiene and maintain community toilets in slums.

Project Number: 38254-053
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
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Lesson
Continuous consultations with communities throughout the project cycle are important for meaningful adaptations in project design and avoidance of conflicts during implementation. The Thimphu thromde used its own resources to conduct consultation and participation activities, which included national television announcements, public information campaigns including to building owners prior to construction, and community monitoring meetings. Consultations with road users post-implementation helped confirm the perceived projects benefits.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
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Lesson
Government resource mobilization efforts to raise supplementary funds to meet the cost of additional components outside the project scope demonstrate its ownership of and commitment to the project and increase the resulting benefits. Footpaths for the road widening works were not included in the original road design but were constructed by the Thimphu thromde using parallel financing. The footpaths enhanced the road design and improved road safety.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued implementation of regular reform programs even under crisis situations demands a strong partnership between ADB and the government. This program continued and strengthened ADB’s support to improve the country’s macroeconomic performance under the Economic Stabilization Program initiated by the government in 2019. Sustained implementation of the program allowed the government to continue with policy reforms while fighting the pandemic.

Project Number: 52049-001, 52049-003
Project Name: Trade and Competitiveness Program – Subprograms 1 and 2
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Lesson
Adoption of global best practices in sanitation and human waste management, which are culturally sensitive, requires extensive consultations and social awareness building. The project originally planned to use a composting facility ran by the Action Contre le Faim Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, which was unexpectedly closed down. This required a minor change in scope, which was swiftly approved and provided implementation support by ADB.

Project Number: 49113-001
Project Name: Managing Soil Pollution in Ger Areas through Improved On-site Sanitation Project
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Lesson
Effective procurement plans and strategies require the conduct of relevant market and technical assessments, adequate consultation with pertinent government officials, and appropriate contract packaging. Several procurement issues, including unresponsive bidding, inadequate consulting services, inadequate terms of reference for consultants, etc. occurred mainly because of the technical nature of the goods and works required, which caused some changes in procurement arrangements during implementation.

Project Number: 49113-001
Project Name: Managing Soil Pollution in Ger Areas through Improved On-site Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of ownership of water users of project installations, which could jeopardize sustainability, demands appropriate action from the relevant government agencies. The project’s requirement of mandatory upfront cash collection for piped water supply connections, amounting to 5% of the estimated cost, was meant to generate ownership by the users. However, in many towns, the contribution was not made by the actual users but was raised by donations from community organizations, raising serious concerns about the efficacy of this provision and the eventual sustainability of the systems.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
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Lesson
Vulnerable groups need to have a voice in determining the mechanisms that will enable them to fully participate and benefit from projects. To ensure social inclusion, the project provided grant funding via output-based aid (OBA) for the construction of private toilets for 100% of the verified poor and vulnerable households. However, the OBA amount was inadequate, resulting in some households not building proper toilets.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
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Lesson
Long-term ADB engagement is beneficial for the continued growth and institutional and capacity development of counterpart government agencies and utility companies. Eight ADB loans before the two projects under this multitranche financing facility (MFF) had already provided the partner distribution companies (DISCOMs) with extensive experience.

Project Number: 43467-014, 43467-016
Project Name: Madhya Pradesh Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 2 and MFF
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Lesson
Meaningful targeted consultation is essential in ensuring that project-affected people’s needs are heard and addressed in project design and implementation and reduces the likelihood of an escalation of grievances and, consequently, of project costs. The public consultation approach proved inadequate in generating a full picture of potential project impacts. A house-to-house needs assessment and the conduct of focused group discussions could have provided deeper insights and more valuable inputs from the visually impaired affected persons.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
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Lesson
Adequate stakeholder consultations, conducted at all project stages, are essential to building consensus and preventing tensions and disagreements from negatively affecting implementation.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
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Lesson
It is important for all stakeholders to have the same understanding of the expected project outputs to minimize issues during implementation. The volume of civil works required by the target school dormitories was higher than that calculated at appraisal. Hence, the executing agency, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Sports (MECSS) and ADB had to revise the civil works allocations and reduce the number of target dormitories.

Project Number: 49168-001
Project Name: Improving School Dormitory Environment for Primary Students in Western Region Project
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Lesson
The significant changes on the approved route on the BRT component at appraisal could have been avoided if significant resources to explain the BRT concept, issues, and challenges at the local context were provided during project preparation

Project Number: 44007-013
Project Name: Jiangxi Fuzhou Urban
Integrated Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date: