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Lesson
A strong design and monitoring framework, with better defined outcomes and outputs and measurable indicators, and the setting up of a project performance and monitoring system during project preparation or at project startup could help track implementation challenges. These may have helped mitigate the risk of scope changes, loan cancellations, and early implementation delays due mainly to delays in startup activities, such as signing of subsidiary loan agreements, detailed engineering design, bidding document preparation, and delays in land acquisition and resettlement.

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The timing of scope changes need to be carefully planned, especially taking account of the possible implementation disruptions these can cause. Adjustments to the design and monitoring framework need to be made to reflect scope changes and other design modifications undertaken during implementation.

Project Number: 52070-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Regional Energy Cooperation
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Lesson
The three-step approach of feasibility studies, detailed engineering design, and ensuing project through separate and sequential financing modalities helps in country partnership strategy, programming dialogue, and long-term engagement. The TA has proven this approach to be effective in achieving technical, safeguards, procurement, and implementation readiness in the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system (PPMS) from the outset can enhance the quality of economic analyses. This system facilitates the systematic collection of data on project benefits and pertinent metrics, enabling the monitoring of project performance until completion. Specifically, monitoring the project's progress, identifying areas for improvement, and collecting socioeconomic data through a PPMS, could all help establish a comprehensive assessment of a project’s development results and improve the quality of economic analysis.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project readiness and advance contractung and retroactive financing facilitate successful and timely project completion. Project readiness—in terms of technical, financial, and safeguards readiness—was effectively undertaken, thereby facilitating smooth project implementation. The use of advance contracting and retroactive financing likewise helped enable the completion of all project activities by the original loan closing date.

Project Number: 47047-002
Project Name: Shandong Groundwater Protection Project
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Lesson
The formulation of a coherent results framework that logically links the inputs, activities, and outputs with the envisaged outcome facilitates better monitoring and measurement of project results. The quality of a design and monitoring framework is enhanced by outcome targets that are realistic and appropriately reflect the immediate changes of the outputs.

Project Number: 47305-002, 47305-004
Project Name: Horticulture Value Chain Development Project
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Lesson
The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) program did not increase the number of children fully immunized before 1 year of age or collect complete data during the impact evaluation rounds on the share of beneficiary children aged 6–14 years of age who were working. It is recommended that future support to the 4Ps program include technical assistance to support the government to identify key issues preventing immunization before 1 year of age and ensure robust M&E of children’s attendance in school and participation in work and labor activities.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional arrangements to implement mandatory safeguard polices and reporting systems and gender action plans need to be established in the initial stages of the project. This is to avoid potential delays which could adversely impact project adherence to social and environmental safeguards and gender equality results. Adequate human, rechnical, and budgetary resources and strict monitoring by the PMU and ADB are required to ensure compliance.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing outcome and output indicators that are consistent with the project design allows appropriate assessment of project achievement against the defined targets. Well-formulated indicators support the accurate measurement of project achievements as defined in the design and monitoring framework. For example, the reduction in transport costs could be directly measured by lower transport fares and vehicle operating costs.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project performance management system provides a framework to assess the project results better. It incentivizes a sound evaluation of a project as well strengthening the basis of development impact. This is essential for a rural development project where project’s intended benefits and development impacts are not easily identified or quantified.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
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Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Determining and improving the effectiveness of large and complex projects are far more complicated than measuring progress against the indicators in the design and monitoring framewrok (DMF). The emphasis on quantitative measures, even if well considered, could result in displacing goals and/or inaccurately representing project success or failure. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Implementation timelines, some DMF targets were unrealistic. The project provided for formative evaluations but they were not closely coordinated with the DMF.

Project Number: 41509-013
Project Name: Rural Primary Health Services Delivery Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Use of data and planning to target delivery strategies improve performance. Staffing and access to medical supplies were common challenges and well recognized during project design and documented during the project, including through the formative evaluations, the DFAT-funded independent evaluation, and the project midterm review. The chief executive officers (CEOs) of the provincial health authorities in high-performing provinces identified the use of data and planning to target delivery strategies as a factor in improved performance.

Project Number: 41509-013
Project Name: Rural Primary Health Services Delivery Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When a project provides substantial climate mitigation and environmental benefits, a project economist with strong background and experience in environmental valuation method can undertake the project economic analysis at appraisal. Usually, energy efficiency improvement projects have very low pay back periods and high economic internal rate of return. ADB should investigate the ways in which it can formalize the use of carbon prices in energy efficiency project economic analysis.

Project Number: 47051-002
Project Name: Chemical Industry Energy Efficiency and Emission Reduction Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is a good practice to provide relevant macroeconomic data to highlight the significance of environmental improvements. In the case of this project, the generation of secondary macroeconomic data, at the very least, could have strengthened the preliminary assessment of the project’s development impact. In discussing impacts of climate mitigation project and the co-benefits of air pollution reduction, it would be worthwhile to link these up with macro data.

Project Number: 47051-002
Project Name: Chemical Industry Energy Efficiency and Emission Reduction Project
Report Date: