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Lesson
Early identification of the need to cancel subprojects and faster decision-making on project scope changes could shorten the extension of project implementation periods. This project's completion date was extended twice for a cumulative period of 3 years from the original completion of 31 December 2018. The first extension was until 31 December 2020 for the utilization of loan savings across different subprojects, necessitating a minor change in project scope that could have been shortened had the request for the scope change been made earlier.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate consideration of the project sites' topography and geological conditions in project feasibility studies and detailed engineering designs could lead to unexpected cost increases during implementation. There was a significant cost increase in land acquisition and resettlement due to changes in the project scope and additional land acquisition that needed to be undertaken because of the complex geological conditions in some sites resulting in increased civil works costs in some packages.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The risks associated with single-tranche loans can be mitigated through proper management of the loan proceeds and control of the project cost. The ADB loan was featured to have a single tranche disbursement arrangement to address currency mismatch and hedge financial risks arising from foreign borrowing. In the early stage of project implementation, the full amount of the ADB loan ($90.8 million) was disbursed as an advance and exchanged to local currency.

Project Number: 41682-039
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Highway Expansion Phase 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensive upstreamCapacity development is required to address municipalities and contractors’ limited capacities and understanding of complex design, build, and operate (DBO) contracts. Those limitations delayed the procurement and implementation of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) contract under this project.

Project Number: 44240-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Engineering designs that do not include a proper sludge disposal system in the WWTP design could create long-term challenges. This was resolved under this project through engineering redesign. Potential long-term environmental sustainability issues were consequently avoided

Project Number: 44240-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Flexibility in project design is required to respond to changes in subproject scale and adapt capacity support to the changing needs. This project was implemented across eight provinces, with significant differences in the size and scope of provincial waterworks (PWW) subprojects and local capacities. A flexible design was crucial to its successful implementation.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and close monitoring of safeguard implementation by trained project management staff and consultants minimizes disruption to communities and facilitates smooth implementation. A grievance redress mechanism was established across all three subprojects; but no grievances were officially recorded.

Project Number: 44240-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Opportunities for advance procurement remain limited in Cambodia because financing is unavailable for detailed engineering designs in advance of loans. This limits the preparatory actions that could be undertaken to improve project readiness. Solutions such as a project design facility are being considered and may be possible from 2024 onwards.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely processing of changes in scope, implementation, and disbursement arrangements strengthen implementation and enhance project relevance.

Project Number: 44240-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional arrangements to implement mandatory safeguard polices and reporting systems and gender action plans need to be established in the initial stages of the project. This is to avoid potential delays which could adversely impact project adherence to social and environmental safeguards and gender equality results. Adequate human, rechnical, and budgetary resources and strict monitoring by the PMU and ADB are required to ensure compliance.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The transition of PWWs into independent corporate entities requires adequate preparation to ensure they have the capacity, technical and financial management skills, and resources for viability and sustainability. To support this transition, the PMU adopted a phased and practical approach, implementing vital actions with training and technical support. The PWWs developed business planning and financial reporting systems and adopted supervisory control and data acquisition systems. The PMU has identified the first PWWs that are considered ready for the next step as a corporate entity.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The unit cost of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is usually higher than that of general school education. Hence, to protect the program’s benefits, TVET output stream must be coordinated closely with the job market preferences of employers.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
An institutional analysis undertaken during appraisal phase helps provide an assessment of the technical capacity of concerned institutions as this is essential in ensuring smooth project implementation activities. Such analysis could include a political-economy assessment that could help strengthen project preparation activities, especially in assessing possible changes to policies and government priorities.

Project Number: 39256-023, 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility andTranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
The development of a firm sector investment plan supports successful project implementation. The sector plan, covering the short-, medium- and long-term horizons, helps avoid overlaps of projects that may result in scope changes which could adversely affect the project implementation timeline, funding and cost, and loan utilization. Such an investment plan commits the government to a definite set of projects in the sector that allows for a stable implementation of social and environmental safeguards.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date: