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Lesson
Enforcement of CCT program conditionalities should be continuously reviewed and improved. Enforcement of health conditionalities under the Philippines' CCT program is hampered by low registration of new births and compounded by manual data collection procedures for compliance verification. The executing agency may need to review program conditions so that the checklist of conditions includes reporting all births and submitting data for all children in the household.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A needs assessment carried out as part of the project design contributes to the project scope being defined more accurately and project allocations being optimized for project or other development expenditure. Some of this project’s main activities were dropped or carried out at reduced scope because of changes in the situation or reassessments undertaken during implementation. For example, the centralized billing system initially included in the project scope was canceled as it would instead be implemented by APDCL.

Project Number: 47101-003
Project Name: Assam Power Sector Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Enhancement of conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs) needs continuing innovation. ADB-supported innovations have also helped strengthen the Philippines’ CCT. The digitally supported Pantawid Pamilya Information System, compliance verification, and grievance redress mechanism brought the program well within reach of the beneficiaries. Additionally, ADB’s continued support to the proxy means test models used for identifying beneficiaries and impact evaluation has ensured a data-driven approach to measuring progress and informing program implementation.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A holistic project design is essential for increasing public health-care utilization. Ultimately, the project aimed at increasing public health-care utilization, which is influenced by both supply- and demand-side interventions. The interventions appropriately addressed the supply side through improvements in health facilities, equipment, and human resources.

Project Number: 44265-013
Project Name: Second Health Care in the Central Highlands Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Do not propose establishment of a new business continuity fund during crisis. The business continuity fund was established during the crisis. Actual usage was far less compared with existing instruments for concessional lending and refinancing, as operationalization took time. Unless such a fund can be established on time, proposing a new fund during a crisis should be avoided when good instruments are available.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Spreading a project across a wide geographic areas creates additional coordination and administrative difficulties. The project had a wide coverage in southern Bangladesh where several subprojects were distributed across 12 districts, adding coordination and administrative burden to implementing agencies. The project could have selected fewer districts to reduce the implementation burden.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Maintaining economic growth and protecting the vulnerable in crisis situations demand timely intervention and sizable stimulus package. The success of the government countercyclical program in maintaining economic growth and protecting vulnerable populations validated the effectiveness of the government’s approach.

Project Number: 54180-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Optimizing project scope and benefits requires careful analysis of the local context at design stage. Improved roads and market infrastructure resulted in more connected and vibrant rural communities and markets. This has brought moderate increases in household incomes in market catchment areas, but the project did not lead to an increase in agricultural production. The income effects also varied depending on the location and composition of livelihoods.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
While cash support is vital for immediate relief and consumption smoothing during a crisis, which in turn reduces the adoption of risky coping strategies—such as reducing food intake, selling assets, or borrowing—it is important during the post-crisis or recovery period to introduce programs that increase poor and vulnerable households’ resilience to future shocks.

Project Number: 54214-001
Project Name: Shock-Responsive Social Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strengthening social protection systems in advance, including benefit payment systems, poverty targeting systems, program registration systems, etc., is critical to be able to respond to shocks quickly when they happen. For example, Mongolia’s 100% electronic payment system for the universal child grants made it easy to transfer increased grants to recipients.

Project Number: 54214-001
Project Name: Shock-Responsive Social Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incomplete policies and weak reforms cannot fully address the underlying causes of the accumulating circular debt, which jeopardizes the financial situation of the sector and prolongs reliance on government subsidies and bailouts. A multiyear reform commitment through a flexible programmatic approach is necessary to implement the much-needed structural reform and realize sector transformation and financial sustainability

Project Number: 47015-001, 47015-002, 47015-003
Project Name: Sustainable Energy Sector Reform Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Assessment of project impacts critically depends on the collection and analysis of project and other data. Establishing a project performance management system as part of project administration and covenanted in the loan agreement is crucial.

Project Number: 41122-023
Project Name: Road Corridor Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed design and monitoring framework with clear indicators and performance targets allows better monitoring during implementation and better assessment of project achievements at completion.

Project Number: 38411-043, 38411-013
Project Name: Orissa Integrated Irrigated Agriculture and Water Management Investment Program (Tranche 2 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely release of counterpart funds improves construction progress, as it eases the financial burden of the civil works contractors. This helps in ensuring that the required equipment, materials, and workers are provided on time.

Project Number: 43029-013
Project Name: Inner Mongolia Road Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The marginal financial viability of the project suggests the need for improved direct cost recovery over time. Tariffs under the project were estimated to average less than 1% of household incomes compared to an estimated 3%–5% in other regional countries, indicating the potential for affordable adjustments. Higher tariffs would not only improve the financial viability of such investments but also encourage private sector participation in the sector.

Project Number: 42011-013
Project Name: Wuhan Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date: