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Lesson
Results-based lending (RBL) is well suited if it is embedded in a wider government-owned and led program. It can be an effective modality for achieving both physical outputs and nonphysical goals. It can also make changes in national policies that go beyond the project’s physical scope. The climate risk assessments, procurement processes, and beneficiary selection criteria used in this program were also applied in non-ADB financed provinces. The instructions issued and policies adopted by the government were “national”in nature and impact.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A robust mechanism for continued consultation needs to be agreed on and put in place to address the fundamental issues in capital market development in Pakistan. Broadly, the program envisaged two key reforms: (i) strengthening the regulatory framework, and (ii) development and Implementation of a comprehensive capital market master plan. During program Implementation, ADB held two consultation workshops with all government and private sector stakeholders, including development partners.

Project Number: 53221-001, 53221-002, 53221-003
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing projects on a few, contiguous areas can facilitate cross-learning thereby improving implementation and heightening impacts. The project was implemented in four aimag centers selected by the executing agency which are not geographically close. It could have been more beneficial if the project were implemented in neighboring aimags to allow the beneficiaries to learn from one another and observe spillover effects of project activities.

Project Number: 52303-001
Project Name: Managing Solid Waste in Secondary Cities
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition should be embedded in transport policies. As of 2022, the Prime Minister's Rural Roads Program (PMGSY) was being implemented with no land acquisition. Where land is required, only voluntary-based possession is allowed. If sufficient land cannot be pooled on a voluntary basis, geometric design is being compromised. These locations may become accident black spots. Thus, policy amendment is needed in cases where sufficient land for improvement is unavailable voluntarily; permission should be granted for acquisition of land.

Project Number: 48226-003
Project Name: Second Rural Connectivity Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date: