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Lesson
Adjustment in the project design and design and monitoring framework (DMF) during the early stages of implementation strengthens project performance. For instance, a midterm review provides an opportune time to carefully examine a project and track its progress on outputs and deliverables. Also, this allows restructuring and adjustment of DMF targets and indicators at appraisal, with the approval of the ADB. This would lead to a more realistic project results and outcome at completion.

Project Number: 38272-013, 38272-033
Project Name: Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Tranche 2 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
The quality of project implementation relies on the capacity of borrowers and agencies. It is crucial that executing and implementing agencies are familiar with ADB procedures and requirements, specifically in the procurement process, safeguards’ policies, and financial management. This will enable the agencies to better manage project-related activities and avoid unnecessary start-up delays during implementation.

Project Number: 38272-013, 38272-033
Project Name: Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Tranche 2 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of readily available and measurable social and economic data can limit the scope of the design and monitoring framework (DMF). The CPRO loan supported 12 schemes of the PMGKY program, which extended insurance cover for health workers, cash transfers, food and fuel transfers, and employment guarantees.. However, the DMF included only eight schemes for monitoring as part of the CPRO loan because specific results and performance Indicators could not be devised during appraisal considering the urgency of the requirement for assistance.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Multi-pronged regulatory and financial support to small businesses and employment security measures provided financial security to the vulnerable households as they responded to macroeconomic shocks. These enhanced program effectiveness in enhancing social and economic protection to vulnerable businesses and sections of the population at the time of COVID.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Leveraging private sector capacities to effectively contribute to emergency measures were key success stories. These were done through constructive partnerships, as demonstrated by the lab development for enhancing testing capacities at the start of the pandemic, and by leveraging women-led self-help groups for manufacturing personal protective equipment.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
India’s investments in social protection frameworks—through the public distribution system, the JAM trinity for direct benefit transfers, and fuel transfers ensured that ongoing social safety net programs could be quickly mobilized to respond to the economic vulnerabilities created during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating utility shifting as part of the item-rate contract has proven effective for timely project completion in some Indian states. Utility shifting is usually contracted out to a third-party entity specialized in utility shifting. Contractors often abuse this arrangement, however, taking it as an excuse to delay civil works. To prevent this, the utility shifting should be included as an item in the bill of quantity to be carried out directly by the contractor.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
The CPRO modality is deemed relevant, appropriate, and efficient for this program, as it allows DMCs to address spending requirements for health, social, and economic measures in response to the pandemic. Discussions with the government to align the modality with response measures facilitated critically needed fiscal stimulus to better manage the immediate economic and financial shocks created by the rapidly unfolding COVID-19 pandemic and an overwhelmed health care system.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
As larger contracts experienced more delays compared to shorter contracts, in future projects, shorter-length contracts may be considered. The termination of contractors was observed to be due to their non-proactive approach while working in discontinuous encumbrance-free stretches of road, poor planning, and inadequate financial capability. Instead of terminating contracts, it would be more desirable to make encumbrance-free land available upfront, release retention money, and create escrow accounts—which were approaches that were successfully implemented.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong coordination between ADB and the executing agency, the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), and the high level of government ownership of the program were the keys to developing a program focused on the vulnerable sections of society and to delivering an effective response to the pandemic at unprecedented speed and scale. The program supported key initiatives of the government to mitigate pandemic impacts. ADB and the DEA closely interacted to monitor and report on the progress of program implementation.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program had multiple value-additions to strengthening the resilience of the health care system, including strengthening the capacity of intensive care units, staff capacity, laboratory infrastructure, supply chains, and the capacity for testing. It also improved surveillance and supported the adoption of a new IT-based unified health surveillance system. Furthermore, it\] scaled up research interventions for identifying new pathogens, and deployment of newer medical technology through national research institutions.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Midterm review is a key opportunity for course correction and review of the project design. This opportunity was not fully exploited and design flaws in the DMF remained until the project completion. T

Project Number: 38254-043
Project Name: MFF - North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The scope and amount of an MFF need to be realistically designed by avoiding an optimistic assumption that the absorptive and implementation capacity of the executing and implementing agencies would achieve a significant improvement during program implementation. Simpler project designs, with specific purposes and fewer agencies involved in a limited number of locations, are also more likely to succeed than those with a broad scope and overly ambitious and complex structures.

Project Number: 37139-023
Project Name: Uttaranchal Power Sector Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The report and recommendation of the President (RRP) had indicated that 13 of the 25 urban local bodies (ULBs) demonstrated that their municipal cash flows would be sufficient to meet the additional expenditures resulting from the investment program and that the other 12 should propose a financial improvement action plan for sustaining the subprojects. No such action plans were developed. Had these actions plans been developed before subproject approvals, the sustainability of the subprojects would likely have improve

Project Number: 38254-043
Project Name: MFF - North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The choice of a multifinancing facility (MFF)\ as the financing modality for a proposed investment needs to be adequately justified, with due consideration of the fulfillment of preconditions, scope of tranches, and the extent to which an MFF would generate potential value addition in terms of efficiency, portfolio performance, and development results as compared to standalone project-based loans.

Project Number: 37139-023
Project Name: Uttaranchal Power Sector Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date: