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Lesson
The use of cross-subsidy and innovative technologies for renewable energy and electricity storage are effective in rapidly expanding electricity access for remote communities. This is critical in countries having mountainous terrain and archipelagos that require large investment to expand the distribution network.

Project Number: 37399-013
Project Name: Green Power Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More stringent monitoring needs to be employed related to associated assets, such as transmission lines and power generation, as they affect implementation substantially. Associated infrastructures should be implemented earlier and potentially include them as covenants for the borrower to ensure the proper and timely execution of the project. As mentioned in para. 10, the substation was mostly unused at the time of PCR preparation.

Project Number: 37139-043
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program–Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The sustainability of rural infrastructure interventions, mainly rural roads and irrigation schemes relies heavily on securing funds for their proper O&M. Existing reliance on ad hoc government transfers to cover O&M expenses should 12 evolve into user-paid fees to guarantee the proper functioning of the infrastructure during its expected lifetime.

Project Number: 37287-013, 37287-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Lowlands Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In the absence of a positive financial return, yet with significant development impact, it is important that infrastructure road projects are well integrated in a road network plan to ensure government commitment to maintain the investment.

Project Number: 42017-013
Project Name: Second Heilongjiang Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The design of integrated water resources management (IWRM) investments has to be simple.

Project Number: 37049-013, 37049-023
Project Name: Integrated Citarum Water Resources Management Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is best to allocate available local resources and assistance, including loans based on sector priorities, through a participatory process involving all stakeholders and beneficiaries.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
PFMR is multifaceted and requires sufficient time to implement. Supporting TA and project implementation should go hand in hand. The PMO was established to manage the procurement process with TA support. However, central treasury staff had to carry out both project-specific tasks and their day-to-day functions. This led to competing priorities between their own jobs and project requirements, and delays in dealing with project issues. It is essential for implementing staff to adequately apportion their time between the requirements of the project and their day-to-day activities.

Project Number: 41041-013
Project Name: Public Finance Management Reform Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It was intended that successful sustainable reservoir rehabilitation and management models could have significant demonstration value. A more thorough assessment of benefits is required as this could facilitate wider dissemination and adoption.

Project Number: 40683-013
Project Name: Risk Mitigation and Strengthening of Endangered Reservoirs in Shandong Province Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The reform’s overall impact should be assessed by how much investment in road and urban water increase—which the PCR did not discuss in detail. This program might have been better designed as a sector development loan, which combine program and investment loans.

Project Number: 46220-001
Project Name: Infrastructure Sustainability Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Combination of major expressway construction and link roads improvement, including national and provincial highways and rural roads, contributes to inclusive economic growth. On financing, ADB financed 13.2% of the project cost with the balance provided by the national and provincial governments including loans from the Bank of China and the China Construction Bank. Leveraging funds was a key aspect of ADB financing under the project.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Long-term sector engagement facilitated the enabling environment. ADB’s long-term focus on energy sector development has contributed to the improving electrification rates in Cambodia. Since 1992, ADB’s country strategy for Cambodia has always prioritized the energy sector (in coordination with other donors, especially the World Bank, and aligned with government interest). These efforts contributed to the 2001 Electricity Law that codified the sector's regulatory agencies. Confidence in the regulator is a key element of private sector participation in the sector.

Project Number: 40914-014
Project Name: (Cambodia) Power Transmission Lines Co., Ltd., Power Transmission Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The failure of interest rate liberalization was also partly a failure of analysis. Removing overt administrative control of interest rates may make little difference to prevailing rates and practices if there is little competition between lenders because of the sector’s oligopolistic and closely held structure. Several factors made it unlikely that simple deregulation of rate setting would be conclusive.

Project Number: 29243/29243-01/31910
Project Name: Financial Sector Intermediation Facility and Equity Investment in Bhutan National Bank
Report Date:
Lesson
Strengthen management capacity for decentralized health services. While central and local staff were empowered and received diverse technical training, overall more attention needs to be given to the management of health services in the decentralized environment.

Project Number: 34007-012
Project Name: Decentralized Health Services I
Report Date:
Lesson
Demand-driven approach to improve the local health situation. The project highlighted the importance of evidence-based and demand-driven project planning and implementation to address local health needs better. The establishment of district team problem-solving empowered staff and encouraged intersectoral coordination.

Project Number: 34007-012
Project Name: Decentralized Health Services I
Report Date: