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Lesson
Careful selection of nongovernment organizations (NGOs) to be engaged in projects will be beneficial particularly for the poor and vulnerable. Implementation of gender equality and social activities was closely linked to NGO performance quality, which varied significantly among the 3 NGOs engaged by the project. The NGO in Biratnagar demonstrates what can be achieved by a well-performing NGO.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate stakeholder consultations, conducted at all project stages, are essential to building consensus and preventing tensions and disagreements from negatively affecting implementation.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects require an in-depth assessment of ownership and use of land. Procurement for the Butwal auto village subprojects (AVS) was severely delayed by land ownership issues. The automobile enterprises were located on land leased from the municipality intended only for establishment of automobile enterprises, but the entrepreneurs used the land for business and residential purposes. These entrepreneurs were skeptical that their existing land uses could continue if they entered into a public-private partnership agreement, and thus protested the AVS.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An adequate assessment is needed when setting targets. This project had a few design challenges that could not be addressed during implementation. For the target of serving 3,000 households with new water supply connections and 4,500 with improved ones, financing was not included in the approved project, so could never be achieved. The target of serving 25,000 households with sewer connections was ambitious, as only about 13,680 households would get these connections based on the final engineering designs.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Bidding documents should incorporate specific provisions requiring permanent local representative from foreign contractors to avoid construction delays. The performance of the contractors for the Birgunj ISWM and the Kavre Valley Water Supply Subproject was unsatisfactory in part because they had no local representative.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Subsidized credit when sourced from a grant may be used as an immediate and emergency response to the financing needs of those severely affected by disaster. However, it is not sustainable over time when grant funds are no longer available. It is basically a stop gap measure in an emergency. There are costs to the delivery of financial services that need to be considered in product pricing to help financial institutions sustain their operations and continue serving targeted households. These institutions need to price their loan products to allow for full cost recovery.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Design flexibility is essential in the smooth implementation of an emergency response project. It allows the executing agency and project teams to make necessary changes in the project scope and helps in the alignment of project activities with the realities on the ground. The preparation of technical design and approval processes for an emergency assistance project needs to be developed on time to meet the immediate needs of households and communities for recovery.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Rebuilding model schools provides opportunities to demonstrate their usefulness to the larger school program and to communities particularly in building disaster-resilient schools, and to develop knowledge and skills in disaster risk management. It also provides a space for greater social inclusion and increased ownership as local authorities and communities are mobilized for rebuilding and reconstruction.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Gaining ownership from stakeholders and partners is paramount to the success of a project vis-à-vis its long-term sustainability, mitigating effectiveness risk bottlenecks, and avoiding otherwise foreseeable delays. The project had multiple benefits for stakeholders who were previously unserved by basic urban services. It improved urban environment indicators in municipalities and contributed to ADB’s 2030 operational strategies but was delayed nearly 2 years for various foreseeable technical

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The delays in this project showed that national and subnational governments must exert more effort to include a broad and diverse range of stakeholders from the initial project design to implementation for it to be successful. Further investigation or interviews may be necessary to ascertain where the lapses were in establishing fuller community support.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical to embed targeted and specified stakeholder risk analysis and risk mitigation measures into the planning of complex, community-driven, and local government-implemented infrastructure investments, especially for multi-dimensional and cross-sector urban development projects. One of the critical project lessons learned is that, although the project’s governance risk assessment and management plan foresaw the cost and time overrun owing to disbursement and

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance (TA) support with clearly defined deliverables that are incorporated in the program design and implementation can help strengthen institutional capacity and the government’s commitment to reforms.

Project Number: 50254-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Customs Reform and Modernization for Trade Facilitation Program
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Lesson
Interagency coordination is important in achieving policy consistency and harmonization

Project Number: 50254-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Customs Reform and Modernization for Trade Facilitation Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s greater ownership and commitment during a period of political transition are critical for reform implementation to support the project’s expected outcome

Project Number: 43490-013
Project Name: Capital Market and Infrastructure Capacity Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to develop a logical framework with coherent nexus of inputs to outputs that can clearly present how the project design is expected to achieve its intended results

Project Number: 43490-013
Project Name: Capital Market and Infrastructure Capacity Support Project
Report Date: