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Lesson
The government’s commitment and ability to implement the institutional development and capacity development (particularly in procurement, loan and contract administration, disbursement processes, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, periodic reporting, and social and environmental safeguards) could have been carefully reviewed. A flexible approach could have been adopted with adequate supervision support for sector specialists in capacity development activities. Discussions at the technical level should have led to higherlevel discussion as the proposed reforms were far-reaching.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Delayed completion of preconstruction activities and advance action caused delays to all subsequent activities. ADB could have satisfied itself about project readiness in the key areas of detailed design, safeguards, procurement, and establishment of the project implementation unit.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The overall time allowed for implementation of the investment and reform programs was inadequate for developing knowledge and understanding, processes, procedures, and the project implementation framework. Unrealistic work schedules, poor procurement planning, insufficient implementation details, and loose monitoring targets prolonged implementation. A well-qualified and experienced project team leader and consultants’ familiarity with ADB processes are essential to implement an ADB-financed project.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Define criteria for the closure of incomplete projects.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Bear in mind ADB’s role as a development partner, and the development results to be achieved, when considering closure of an ongoing project.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Make full use of ADB’s knowledge and review the experience of completed projects, particularly when they are in the same country and sector.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Consider realistic timelines for project implementation, taking into account that institutional and policy components typically take longer to complete than the physical components.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Limit such a program to fewer but better justified components.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensure thorough diagnostics of the institutional and policy environment before embarking on a complex reform program.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensure robust cost estimation and due diligence during project design, taking into account realistic base costs and adequate price escalation factors. (

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Assess the country context, notably the political situation, as a potential risk at the project design stage.

Project Number: 32058-033
Project Name: Punjab Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The purpose of program lending—which is to support structural reforms and achieve development results—should not be compromised by balance-of-payments or budget considerations. This would have meant allowing a longer program period for the required depth of reforms. ADB could have envisaged that sector reforms require a longer implementation period and should have focused on a smaller number of specified reform issues.

Project Number: 32058-023
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program (Policy Loan)
Report Date:
Lesson
Make sure that the risk is mitigated and mitigation measures are implemented effectively, most especially when the lack of commitment is a high risk.

Project Number: 38405-013
Project Name: Mega City Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
All of the contractors were local, with inadequate funding, expertise, and equipment, which contributed to implementation delays. With rapid road development in Pakistan, such problems may be worsening. To promote capacity development of local and private contractors, ADB needs to strengthen the capacity-building programs, especially in the area where local construction capacity is lacking.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project implementation encountered land acquisition and resettlement challenges. ADB amended the Loan Agreement, which allowed construction to start on the sections where land issues had been resolved. ADB needs to make the government well aware of ADB's safeguard policy and prepare a more feasible loan agreement under future projects.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date: