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Lesson
Future school infrastructure development requires a comprehensive approach based on the school’s operational viability. To meet school needs, the School Sector Development Plan adopted an ad hoc, piecemeal approach to school infrastructure development. In future, a comprehensive approach, based on the school's operational viability and as practiced in this intervention's model school program, needs to be undertaken especially because of the changing demographic dynamics that have resulted in school mergers and closures.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
It is imperative for the federal government to recognize the diversity in local government needs and provide minimum enabling conditional grants that improve education outcomes. The school education-related federal grants that went to local governments after 2018 were largely conditional and required flexibility to align with local governments’ education needs.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
Federal transition is a work in progress. As of 2023, Nepal continues to build and evolve its institutional structures as it operationalizes federal structures. Hence, the design and Implementation of a program supporting large sector programs such as the School Sector Development Plan (SSDP) Sector-Wide Approach (SWAp) need to be flexible while maintaining a balance between ambitious and incremental results.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB needs to continue the RBL modality for the school education SWAp and expand to other education subsectors to leverage sequencing of results, add value to government programs, sustainably strengthen institutions, and harmonize development partners. The RBL modality encouraged substantive policy discussion and critical analysis geared towards common agreement on the key results. The government internalized the aim of achieving targets in a set time frame and linking disbursements to achieved results.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need for a comprehensive approach that fosters continuity of quality-enhancing interventions to address the persistent challenge of improving learning. Low learning starts in the early grades and continues in the higher grades. Efforts to improve learning need to start from the early grades and continue throughout the different levels of education.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
Teacher Preparation and professional development programs need to be revisited. Because of their low effectiveness, teacher professional development programs in the country urgently need to be revisited, including from the gender equityy and social inclusion perspective. Teacher Preparation courses at universities need to be reviewed, existing education training centers to be expanded and equipped to deliver modern pedagogy, and school-based teacher support systems to be instituted.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
Interventions to strengthen sector resilience need to be broadened to improve system readiness for future challenges to learning continuity. After the 2015 earthquake, significant effort was directed towards improving school sector resilience against disasters triggered by natural hazards and climate change. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted new challenges that can impinge on learning continuity, with disproportionate effects on students from poor socioeconomic backgrounds and deprived communities.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
Sex-disaggregated data need to be accurate and usable for in-depth analyses to support policy development and program planning and implementation. The government has increased its focus on gender equality and has made significant progress on gender data tracking and transparency. Although there are a few publicly available national resources, they lack qualitative information.

Project Number: 55073-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Insufficient up-to-date macroeconomic data on government websites, which could hinder timely and effective planning especially during crisis periods, needs to be rectified. The State Statistical Committee (SSC) has numerous macroeconomic indicators on its website. However, in most cases, very recent data are missing. International organizations such as ADB, the IMF and the World Bank release forecasts of macroeconomic indicators for upcoming years, and SSC should consider following the same approach.

Project Number: 55073-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Accessibility of healthcare data in Azerbaijan needs to be improved. Reports from the Ministry of Health Care are not publicly available on its website. In addition, the State Agency for Mandatory Health Insurance considers healthcare information to be highly sensitive. Accordingly, this information is not contained on its website. Information related to daily coronavirus infections and vaccinations was released publicly. It would be useful for the agency to disseminate gender, age, and region-disaggregated information to the public.

Project Number: 55073-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriately designing the project performance monitoring system during design stage would ensure that it captures accurate and necessary baseline and monitoring data for better tracking and assessing project performance.

Project Number: 49215-001
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of an emergency assistance loan can be better measured if the efficiency of the use of loan proceeds can be determined through the computation of an economic internal rate of return for investments, in this case, for the roads. This is to clearly ascertain the degree by which the benefits of the projects outweigh their costs.

Project Number: 49215-001
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Design flexibility is essential in the smooth implementation of an emergency response project. It allows the executing agency and project teams to make necessary changes in the project scope and helps in the alignment of project activities with the realities on the ground. The preparation of technical design and approval processes for an emergency assistance project needs to be developed on time to meet the immediate needs of households and communities for recovery.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Rebuilding model schools provides opportunities to demonstrate their usefulness to the larger school program and to communities particularly in building disaster-resilient schools, and to develop knowledge and skills in disaster risk management. It also provides a space for greater social inclusion and increased ownership as local authorities and communities are mobilized for rebuilding and reconstruction.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date:
Lesson
Subsidized credit when sourced from a grant may be used as an immediate and emergency response to the financing needs of those severely affected by disaster. However, it is not sustainable over time when grant funds are no longer available. It is basically a stop gap measure in an emergency. There are costs to the delivery of financial services that need to be considered in product pricing to help financial institutions sustain their operations and continue serving targeted households. These institutions need to price their loan products to allow for full cost recovery.

Project Number: 49202-001
Project Name: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood Restoration for Earthquake-Affected Communities
Report Date: