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Lesson
Similar projects in similar contexts can learn from the following Implementation lessons learned from the[project: (i) potential startup delays need to be anticipated when developing the project Implementation plan and the contract awards and disbursement projections, withmitigating measures identified; (ii) engaging a single detailed engineering design consultant for projects covering multiple provinces can cause delays;and (iii) use of local consultants could expedite the awarding of civil works contracts.

Project Number: 46293-005
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Government budget regulations, particularly on official development assistance (ODA), the main source of ADB funding, need to be fully considered during appraisal as these could cause disbursement delays. In 2015, the allocation of ODA funds to project Implementation units was late and in 2016 no funds were allocated. This meant delays in project Implementation.

Project Number: 46293-005
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical that the risk assessment and management plan of the project preparatory technical assistance in the tourism sector incorporate measures to be taken in case of future pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic led to delays in realizing project tourism benefits. Nevertheless, the ensuing pent-up demand from domestic and foreign tourists seems likely to lead to increases in future incremental visitor numbers, visitor days, and visitor expenditure from each of the subprojects. These increases could contribute to the financial sustainability of the subprojects.

Project Number: 46293-005
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition procedures, processes, consultations, and reporting are complex in Viet Nam, not least because of the number of agencies involved. Therefore, more time, energy, and expertise need to be allocated to project land clearance and subsequent resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 46293-005
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Pilot testing is an appropriate approach to introduce a new regulatory requirement to demonstrate its relevance and benefits to the industry, test its effectiveness, and determine areas for improvement in design and implementation. Pilot testing can generate substantial demonstration effects that justify a program’s nationwide expansion.

Project Number: 43120-025
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The delays early on during the project implementation suggested that it was important for the PMU to have an appropriate mix of full- and part-time personnel. In this project’s case, more full-time staff were required early in the project to attend fully to activities that were different from routine government activities, such as familiarization with the enhanced SPS regimes, ADB procurement requirements, and other procedures. PMU’s too many part-time appointments caused inefficiencies in procurement and timely implementation of the project activities.

Project Number: 43120-025
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation agrees with the lesson of building awareness for the work done under the TA project. However, it is unclear why awareness-building beyond ASEAN is required for this TA project. One can surmise that it could be for the goals of attracting capital. However, the role of partnership with foreign academic institutions is unclear beyond the publication of potential knowledge products. This lesson or recommendation should then be classified under partnership and cofinancing.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation agrees with the recommendation and rephrases this as a lesson: Partnering with operational projects within ADB is an important step in ensuring that other DMCs outside ASEAN can develop their capital markets and improve governance standards of publicly listed companies.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
Drawing on lessons from similar previous TA projects can help in robust design that is responsive to DMC needs, isrealistic, and adopts best practice. This could help to get greater stakeholder engagement in complex processes such as regional capital market integration.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation offers the following lesson: although TA design may identify a particular model of consultancy, these needs may evolve during the program requiring adjustment. In this case, in developing a model that responded to the needs of ACMF’s working group on corporate governance, the TA project shifted its approach since the regulators felt that an audit firm (rather than consultants) would lend more credibility and recognition to the validation exercise.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation has rephrased the recommendation into a lesson as follows: Providing adequate visibility to partners who have either financed the project or have special interest and stake in seeing its success is necessary to ensure their continued support.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation agrees that cooperation and coordination, especially with other ADB departments, is important. This was a missed opportunity for this TA project. It is, however, not clear though why a visit to the People's Republic of China is required or recommended for the next ACMF TA.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation offers the following lesson: it is important to work and clearly communicate with ACMF and its working groups to get buy-in to the TA project. This is evident in how stakeholders noted their appreciation to this approach.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation offers the following lesson: keeping the stakeholders engaged through national interventions and securing sources of post-TA financial resources (unless the TA project was a project preparation TA) is important especially for capacity building TA projects, to ensure continuity and sustainability of the project.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
Identifying critical risks and assumptions are an important element of design. However, design could also usefully identify mechanisms to mitigate these risks.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date: