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Lesson
Continued timely adjustments in tariffs could make projects financially viable. The project financial reevaluation at completion concluded that the project was financially viable subject to continued timely adjustments in tariff. This has legal basis as Decree 124/2011/ND-CP allows WSCs to propose water tariffs in a tariff roadmap, which provincial governments approve. The tariff roadmaps of the participating WSCs included adjustments every two years. However, only one adjustment was made in 2019–2022 due to the impacts of COVID-19.

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Government budget regulations, particularly on official development assistance (ODA), the main source of ADB funding, need to be fully considered during appraisal as these could cause disbursement delays. In 2015, the allocation of ODA funds to project Implementation units was late and in 2016 no funds were allocated. This meant delays in project Implementation.

Project Number: 46293-005
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for the cancelation of loan savings would be avoided by using realistic cost estimates during project preparation, as pointed out in the project completion report, is an appropriate lesson. However, this validation notes that the actual project cost was 28% lower than appraisal estimates, but the reduction in total ADB loan was 45%, i.e., from an estimate of $463 million to $253 million at program closing. The lower program cost reflected high-cost estimates, but higher counterpart funding was the bigger factor in the cancelation of the loan savings.

Project Number: 42039-033, 42039-036
Project Name: Power Transmission Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Reduced counterpart funding and increased use of loan proceeds will facilitate timely implementation and project closure. This project was designed with substantial counterpart funding from governments. While demonstrating strong ownership, this affected implementation as the governments were unable to disburse the budget on time. Besides reducing the requirement for counterpart funding, sufficient documentation and incorporation of counterpart fund releases in the audited annual financial statements can help facilitate the financial closing of future projects.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporation into the project design of cost-sharing arrangements with irrigation water users broadens the scope for promoting project sustainability and improving related approaches and practices. In the Lao PDR, forming a water users’ group and assigning it the responsibility of collecting water charges is an important step toward project sustainability. However, this was not fully integrated into the project design and no relevant output Indicators were included in the design and monitoring framework.

Project Number: 40190-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Overestimated project costs lead to unutilized loan amounts and wastage of commitment fees. At appraisal, the investment program was estimated to cost $920.0 million, comprising ADB loans of $730.0 million (79.4%) and government contributions of $190.0 million (20.6%). At completion, the program cost totaled $669.3 million, of which ADB provided $253.8 million (37.9%).

Project Number: 42039-033, 42039-036
Project Name: Power Transmission Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely planning of project extensions and a more realistic extension period will improve loan utilization. Undisbursed amounts under this project resulted largely from new government policies as well as contextual and operational factors. Various activities were canceled because of government restrictions on the use of loan proceeds for soft components (e.g., training, workshops, etc). Non-disbursements were also associated with other policy modifications, such as restrictions on the recruitment of international consultants. But contextual and operational factors also played a role.

Project Number: 44265-013
Project Name: Second Health Care in the Central Highlands Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Late allocation of provincial counterpart funds is a persistent issue requiring attention from the central government of Viet Nam. Late allocation of counterpart funding slowed down implementation progress and exposed subprojects to additional cost increases through inflation. The central government should consider providing incentives for timely provincial allocations. It could also explore alternative funding arrangements to address the issue.

Project Number: 37097-013
Project Name: Integrated Rural Development Sector Project in the Central Provinces
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation agrees with the lesson of building awareness for the work done under the TA project. However, it is unclear why awareness-building beyond ASEAN is required for this TA project. One can surmise that it could be for the goals of attracting capital. However, the role of partnership with foreign academic institutions is unclear beyond the publication of potential knowledge products. This lesson or recommendation should then be classified under partnership and cofinancing.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
When designing capacity development activities, implementation, and sustainability risks (e.g., staff turnover) should be assessed and risk mitigation measures identified.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
The effectiveness of capacity development activities can be better assessed when the target population and the learning objectives are adequately defined.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
MOOCs can be effective tools for reaching a large number of people for training and knowledge dissemination. However, follow-up analysis is needed to assess how participants apply the knowledge gained and assess the outcome impacts of such training.

Project Number: 49342-001
Project Name: Implementing ICT Tools to Improve Data Collection and Management of National Surveys in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals
Report Date:
Lesson
Agreed. Another useful lesson is the importance of involving clients in a hands-on manner to build a technical product and ensure the transfer of technical expertise, and the subsequent adoption or uptake

Project Number: 47146-001
Project Name: Macroeconomic Modelling for Improved Economic Assessment
Report Date:
Lesson
The lesson is that the demonstration of innovative pilots can help to ensure that these are taken up in design and implementation of ADB lending operations. Nevertheless, dissemination of knowledge to DMC stakeholders also provides an important avenue to bring local stakeholders on board.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA demonstrates innovation potential for broader health services management and health sector policy reform by leveraging advanced technologies.

Project Number: 50285-001
Project Name: Support to Strengthening Local Health Care Program
Report Date: