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Lesson
All of the contractors were local, with inadequate funding, expertise, and equipment, which contributed to implementation delays. With rapid road development in Pakistan, such problems may be worsening. To promote capacity development of local and private contractors, ADB needs to strengthen the capacity-building programs, especially in the area where local construction capacity is lacking.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project implementation encountered land acquisition and resettlement challenges. ADB amended the Loan Agreement, which allowed construction to start on the sections where land issues had been resolved. ADB needs to make the government well aware of ADB's safeguard policy and prepare a more feasible loan agreement under future projects.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The global price for construction materials rose sharply during implementation. The delays in project implementation made this problem more serious. For some provincial roads under the project, retendering was conducted, but the low rate is unlikely to attract bidders. For future ADB-assisted projects, reasonable price contingencies should be included in the investment plan.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project experienced substantial delays due to security conditions, which led ADB to close the loan before completion of all the components. As a result, and because of weak government financing, the project experienced serious financial problems. ADB needs to pay more attention to local situation and assist in timely project completion. Only fully completing the project, the benefits anticipated can be revealed.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project comprises several components comprising national highways, provincial highways and rural roads, cross-border development, institutional development, and community development. These components were implemented by different government agencies with limited coordination. Combining all of these components into one project was difficult for both ADB and the government to manage. If a project is so comprehensive, a project management unit at the national level should be established to coordinate its implementation.

Project Number: 34333-013
Project Name: Balochistan Road Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Baseline data are important. During conflicts, data change: infrastructure is destroyed and people are displaced. Monitoring surveys are difficult to conduct because of restricted access. The project management unit failed to expand the management information system to assess subproject impacts, the absence of which made postproject evaluation difficult.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Most contracts were relatively small and within the competence levels of local contractors, especially relevant in the difficult conditions for access and supply that applied during and after the conflicts. Use of local contractors, instead of outside companies, strengthened local ownership and avoided aggravating community and ethnic tensions.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation is difficult in the fluid security conditions of conflicts and their aftermath. However, staff members were motivated by the evident need for their services, as well as by pressure from both sides in the conflict to address basic infrastructure in all areas.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The North East Community Restoration and Development implementation structure, including the delegation of responsibility to a provincial project management unit and the inclusion of all stakeholders in the provincial project coordination committee subproject selection process, was effective in implementing restoration activities. It provided a model for coordination between central, provincial, district, divisional, and local government, and encouraged cooperation with other agencies and minimized duplication of agencies' work.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
All civil works project loans need to be delegated to ADB's country resident mission at the earliest date, to ensure closer monitoring, so that where necessary, monthly review meetings can be held with Executing Agency to monitor performance against monthly agreed targets set at prior monthly meetings. This monthly monitoring approach should be mandatory for projects experiencing significant implementation and disbursement delays.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Separating the engineering consultant roles between (i) design and supervision and (ii) implementation support needs to be carefully assessed during project design. When such division of responsibility is included in the project design, the design and supervision consultants need to be appointed first to avoid the project performance problems.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To avoid implementation delays, project management units need to be established in advance, with appropriate personnel and advance capacity training provided to such personnel. Establishment of project management unit and the engagement at least 90% of the project management unit full time staff is made as condition for loan effectiveness.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Most importantly, the government, Department of Works and the development partners need to agree on adequate levels of maintenance funding necessary for the sector and ensure that they are provided into a separate account at the beginning of the year to implement a properly designed maintenance program. The amount to be committed by the Government/ Department of Works needs to be clearly mentioned in the Report and Recommendations of the President and covenanted in the loan agreement.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To ensure efficient contractor performance, local contractor ability and capacity needs to be assessed in advance to determine appropriate contract packaging and apply single step procurement procedures. Project preparatory technical assistance report shall include a section or appendix on the local contracting and consultant capacity assessment and Report and Recommendations of the President is to propose measures to gap the capacity constraints.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To facilitate project implementation, Executing Agency need to encourage and apply advanced procurement where possible to engage consultants and initiate procurement activities for subproject contracts early to minimize delays which otherwise result in price escalations. Advance action for procurement and consultant recruitment is made compulsory with the assistance of ADB staff in guiding the Executing Agency's staff.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date: