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Lesson
In countries with capacity challenges, reforms take time as limited capacity results in implementation delays. This must be accounted for in design.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Where country systems are weak, program monitoring could benefit from TA (technical assistance), as in Tajikistan. The TA could focus on expenditure tracking mechanisms, internal controls, and external audits; and be conducted in two stages. In the first stage, when monitoring capacity is still weak, experts could be engaged to monitor program-supported expenditures rather than relying on the government to submit monitoring reports. The second stage would focus on improving country systems to help the transition of monitoring tasks from external experts to government staff.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In order to have a meaningful and more sustainable impact, policy reforms should focus on areas in which ADB has been engaged and remains involved over a longer time period.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A program concentrating on a single area is much more likely to have a bigger impact than a program with several focuses

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Finally, the DMF (design and monitoring framework) indicators were not appropriate to assess the overall effectiveness of ADB's intervention. The performance indicators should have been more accurate, better defined, and aligned with the stated impact and outcome. The indicators also did not measure improvements in the loan maturity for SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) loans in the PFIs' (participating financial institutions) portfolio, which was considered relevant for development impact.

Project Number: 44060-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The overall objective of supporting SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) medium-term lending was only partially achieved. A key success factor lies in the selection of PFIs (participating financial institutions), which should be sustainable finance providers. The development of SME portfolios requires not only exceptional liquidity support at a time of liquidity squeezes, but also a strategic commitment and adequate capacity and technical expertise of PFI staff and their SME clients.

Project Number: 44060-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Up-front disbursement to the PFIs (participating financial institutions) of the entire loan amount was required by the funding mechanism used for the tranche. While this helped avoid problems in the financing of subprojects, it also limited the option to reward better-performing PFIs. In this case, the only available incentive mechanism was participation in future tranches under the MFF (multitranche financing facility).

Project Number: 44060-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Damu charged a uniform margin to all PFIs (participating financial institutions). In line with the government's intention that Damu function effectively on a self-sufficient basis, Damu should have priced its loans to PFIs according to risk. This intention was limited both by the project's design and by Damu's capacity. A minor change in the MFF (multitranche financing facility) has given Damu the flexibility to charge market-based margins to improve its sustainability and reward better-performing PFIs.

Project Number: 44060-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The project experienced disbursement delays to SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) sub-borrowers, partly due to safeguard requirements. Significant support from the project team was required and signaled the need for PFIs to adopt a minimal ESMS (environment and social management system) to be able to meet categorization requirements. It also showed the importance of continuous dialogue, awareness raising, and capacity building, crucial to making safeguards an important consideration in the credit decision-making process and to the sustainability of the results.

Project Number: 44060-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The provisions of funds under a program loan will generally only have an immediate impact on the overall level of economic activity if a pipeline of projects is in place when the funding becomes available. This was not the case when the ERSP (economic recovery support program) subprogram 1 loan was disbursed, but the delay in capital project construction to ensure more sustainable and beneficial projects were implemented was desirable.

Project Number: 42503-013
Project Name: Economic Recovery Support Program - Subprograms 1 and 2
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 40554-022, 40554-032
Project Name: Rural Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Despite the safety features (e.g., barriers) built into the project, the increased speeds resulting from the new road will likely have an impact on both the frequency and severity of road traffic collisions. Collisions on the project road will need to be monitored carefully by MOTC (Ministry of Transport and Communications) during 2015 - 2020 in coordination with the police force and, if and when collisions start to occur, timely and appropriate remedial engineering measures may need to be put in place to counteract any increased risk.

Project Number: 42399-013
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need to ensure an appropriate level of public consultation during project development to enable the local population to have an input into project design and ensure greater'buy-in', which would likely result in fewer disputes between the contractor and local population.

Project Number: 42399-013
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Originally a total of $0.5 million was allocated to the capacity development component, but only $0.01 million was actually spent. Additional attention could have been given at appraisal to properly identify and cost each part of the capacity development component.

Project Number: 42399-013
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
In order to sustain project benefits it is critical that the project road is appropriately maintained. The frost heave cracking issue needs to be monitored by MOTC (Ministry of Transport and Communications) on an annual basis and, in order to prevent further widening, cracks must be filled as they appear. Whilst maintenance budgets have increased, MOTC needs to allocate further resources to protect the substantial investment in road infrastructure that has occurred on this road corridor over the last decade.

Project Number: 42399-013
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 2
Report Date: