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Lesson
Entities intended to manage operation and maintenance (O&M) for infrastructure should be established early in the project cycle, and staff trained throughout the implementation period, rather than at the very end. For operational sustainability, a long-term O&M contract could be incorporated into the construction contract for institutions having weak capacity and staff strength.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project could support the institutional reforms efficiently if there is a clear political will and stable government.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Construction of sewerage and wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) was substantially delayed due to delays in land acquisition, preparation of a detailed design, and a change of site location. In order to avoid any unnecessary delay in the implementation of the project, sufficient attention should be paid to land acquisition in project preparation, and the land should be made available for the project prior to mobilization of the design consultant.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project should focus on a small number of physically integrated components to simplify project administration and optimize intersector linkages.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Along with consultations related to subproject design and scope, consultation with project towns on cost recovery, tariffs, and user charges is crucial for sustainability.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Involvement of committed local nongovernment offices (NGOs) and their continued involvement at least for a year after project completion can enhance project effectiveness and sustainability.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeted awareness campaignsaimed at changing the behavior of urban residents are necessary to achieve design results.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For institutional reform, use of a standardized set of systems and processes and a centralized control system at the state level helps to reduce implementation effort, time, and cost, and attain acceptable quality, irrespective of urban local body (ULB) capacity and location.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Small investments in areas like micro-finance, SHG formation, low cost sanitation facilities, and skills upgrading training can have large social and economic impacts and help build local support for a project.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
House service connections for urban water and sewerage should be part of the project scope to ensure optimum utilization of outputs and timely delivery of benefits.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adherence to sound engineering design principles based on required primary surveys and validated secondary data can lead to more efficient outcomes and avoid delays. Adequate time needs to be allocated for surveys and engineering design.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project and contract schedule should be realistic, taking into account the technical complexities of the project components, the capacity of executing agencies, consultants and contractors, and the available working season in project towns.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Advance actions for consultant selection, procurement, land acquisition, and statutory clearances can help in timely completion of projects.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate consultations with all stakeholders during project formulation and appraisal of the project, based on the primary data or validated secondary data, will ensure more locally rooted and systematic planning, help build local ownership, and lead to better project implementation and sustainability of project outputs.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Fully staffed project management unit (PMU) and project implementation units (PIUs) and the complete involvement of the project authorities from project preparation is necessary to create ownership and commitment.

Project Number: 30303-013
Project Name: Karnataka Urban Development and Coastal Environmental Management Project
Report Date: