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Lesson
Because of budget constraints in the last year of project implementation, counterpart funds were not available for 2012 (as of writing of the PCR). During project implementation, availability of counterpart funds should be consistently monitored to avoid payment gaps to contractors, which may cause construction delay. Early action from the government may be taken, such as seeking supplementary financing, scope reduction, or seeking cofinancing opportunities.

Project Number: 39674-022
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor 1 (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
In ongoing and future projects, training and advice on ADB's safeguard policy and procedure need to be strengthened, and this should be extended to consultants and related personnel. Strong safeguards compliance monitoring by the executing agency, consultants, and ADB can help in timely resolution of any issues that emerge during project implementation. Furthermore, the survey of all the houses adjacent to the project road was good practice, and one which should be applied to all other ADB projects in the country.

Project Number: 39674-022
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor 1 (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
In view of complexity and needs, customs projects require coordination with multiple ministries and agreements with neighboring countries. Diversified expertise and resources are required both from the government and funding agencies. In the future, customs component should be separated from road rehabilitation projects. Customs modernization should preferably be covered by regional cross-border projects.

Project Number: 39674-022
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor 1 (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Although ADB approved advance contracting and retroactive financing, project implementation experienced initial delays mainly in procurement. Commencement of civil works was delayed for about 3 months because of delayed recruitment of the construction supervision consultants. In the future, implementation should be scheduled to ensure timely recruitment of consultants prior to civil works start. Contract duration must take into account unexpected weather conditions which may hinder the planned execution of works.

Project Number: 39674-022
Project Name: CAREC Transport Corridor 1 (Bishkek-Torugart Road) Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The dilemma of this project is the lack of achievement and partial achievement of some outcome indicators, while planned outputs were mostly delivered. Ensuring the direct link between supported activities, outputs and outcome, and relevance of their indicators is critical.

Project Number: 39304-012
Project Name: Second Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Better infrastructure directly increases attendance rates, and brings significant savings from improved heating and energy efficiency of buildings. The inclusion of maintenance of supplied equipment and training for relevant staff as part of the supply contract is an effective tool to ensure equipment sustainability and ongoing effectiveness. Thorough assessment of compliance with qualification requirements during consultant recruitment can prevent unnecessary problems and delays during project implementation.

Project Number: 39304-012
Project Name: Second Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Provision of learning and teaching materials (LTMs) for more than one grade should be funded to effectively launch a new curriculum. For textbook bids, good practice involves achieving continuity of content and approach by bidding subject textbooks for a series of grades, i.e., mathematics LTMs for grades 1-4 have to be developed by the same team of authors. A shortage of LTMs and poor teacher capacity can undermine the whole curriculum reform process.

Project Number: 39304-012
Project Name: Second Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Curriculum reform requires strong government ownership and commitment in terms of counterpart financing and policy changes required to support the reform. Improving national school education outcomes requires adequate time and funding. Sufficient teacher capacity building activities, learning and teaching materials, and appropriate learning environments should accompany the curriculum reform.

Project Number: 39304-012
Project Name: Second Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The loan and grant were approved together, and the information and education campaign (IEC) activities under the grant were extended to people engaged in civil works financed by the loan. The IEC activities were managed by the health officials trained through the HIV/AIDS and Mitigation Program. Such synergetic (cross-sector) approaches may be applied to future transport projects, considering the worldwide HIV/AIDS prevalence.

Project Number: 38236-022
Project Name: Dushanbe - Kyrgyz Border Road Rehabilitation Project, Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
Because the project road is now in better condition, vehicles travel faster than before. Existing road safety facilities are insufficient to minimize accidents. Future projects must include a road safety component to ensure that comprehensive road safety arrangements are in place, instead of relying on existing, insufficient facilities.

Project Number: 38236-022
Project Name: Dushanbe - Kyrgyz Border Road Rehabilitation Project, Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
More robust due diligence is needed during project design and formulation to enable the closest possible cost estimates and to set aside enough resources to cover contingencies. This can result in considerable time savings. The values of the works contracts were significantly higher than originally estimated. Further, the amounts had to be increased during implementation because of an unprecedented increase in material costs, besides the extra earthwork needed.

Project Number: 38236-022
Project Name: Dushanbe - Kyrgyz Border Road Rehabilitation Project, Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
A properly designed project can minimize the risk of changes in quantities and scope during implementation and can contribute to timely completion within budget. For this project, the geological nature and conditions were complex and fragile and no detailed study was carried out at appraisal. This caused several changes in the estimation of earthwork needed during implementation and made detailed geological studies in the middle of the process necessary. The entire project design and financing plans were affected.

Project Number: 38236-022
Project Name: Dushanbe - Kyrgyz Border Road Rehabilitation Project, Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
The traffic forecast at appraisal was optimistic regarding the first few years after project completion, particularly for freight traffic. Traffic increase assumptions should be carefully reviewed in future projects.

Project Number: 36432-013
Project Name: Dali-Lijiang Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The costs of construction materials were underestimated. The price for some construction materials, such as cement, steel, stone, and sand increased substantially during project construction. Although there was a price escalation clause in the contracts, price negotiations and contract variations and approval of the variations took considerable time and caused delay in the financial closure of the project.

Project Number: 36432-013
Project Name: Dali-Lijiang Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There has been a continuing process of adaptation of the project to the latest construction and operation technology and more environmentally friendly solutions. This has demonstrated that such innovation and reform can improve cost effectiveness, efficiency, safety, and sustainability.

Project Number: 36432-013
Project Name: Dali-Lijiang Railway Project
Report Date: