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Lesson
There is a need to ensure adequate outlays for project implementation support. The report and recommendation of the President indicated that the risks of cost overruns for project implementation were mitigated through careful and detailed cost estimation. However, the PCR stated that project implementation support costs exceeded the appraisal estimates. Adequate budget needs to be allocated to support the implementation of location-specific projects that require training and technical advice for local stakeholders.

Project Number: 38015-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Sustainable Tourism Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Marketing and promotion of the tourism products that were developed as intended in the Pro-Poor Tourism Interventions needs more attention, but it was not clear in the PCR as to what were these outputs and outcomes. A tourism marketing and promotions consultant would be able to link together the tourism attractions being developed into various tourism circuits of the countries and the GMS.

Project Number: 38015-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Sustainable Tourism Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Given the objective of developing demonstration subprojects that will benefit the poor and the ethnic minorities, a tourism evaluation specialist should have been recruited to document subproject experiences in the two countries to help in replicating these in all GMS countries.

Project Number: 38015-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Sustainable Tourism Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project benefits, particularly those that are supposed to address poverty concerns, should be explicitly identified and quantified at the project preparatory stage.

Project Number: 39175-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Kunming–Hai Phong Transport Corridor: Yen Vien–Lao Cai Railway Upgrading Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When preparing a project for Board approval, ADB should have a thorough knowledge of government procedures for approvals needed to begin project implementation. In the case of this project, ADB should have delayed Board approval until government approval was obtained.

Project Number: 39175-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Kunming–Hai Phong Transport Corridor: Yen Vien–Lao Cai Railway Upgrading Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 45260-001
Project Name: SASEC Trade Facilitation Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion
Report Date:
Lesson
Combination of major expressway construction and link roads improvement, including national and provincial highways and rural roads, contributes to inclusive economic growth. On financing, ADB financed 13.2% of the project cost with the balance provided by the national and provincial governments including loans from the Bank of China and the China Construction Bank. Leveraging funds was a key aspect of ADB financing under the project.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The presence of ADB in such a consortium gives added credence to the project’s viability. Project-level lessons. The validation views that community-based routine rural road maintenance by women proved successful resulting in lower costs and improved work. The approach, using performance-based contracting, addressed the funding shortage to maintain rural roads and assisted poor women in rural communities. This approach to routine rural road maintenance should prove to be a model for similar activities in other provinces not only in PRC but also in other countries.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need for ADB projects to further strengthen the quality of economic analysis, particularly in the areas of quantification and valuation of economic benefits, and shadow pricing, to strengthen reporting on project performance. The methodology needs to be better understood by all, and more consistency is required by ADB staff, consultants, and the government in such analyses. Perhaps better and more explicit guidelines are called for.

Project Number: 40626-013
Project Name: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of baseline data and excessive number of targets in the original DMF was the result of inexperience with the MFF modality. The management of DMFs throughout the life of a MFF was a lesson to be learned but the lessons did not include the way in which baseline data was applied and targets designed. These topics were not new to project DMFs. It is also suggested that the overestimation of what the program could achieve is also a lesson to be learned and one which might be expected in a pioneer application of the MFF modality.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The $770 million appraisal estimate for 836 km of roads was overambitious given the 10-year time frame and the acknowledged low capacity of the NHA at appraisal. Project 1 design underestimated the security constraints to project preparation and implementation especially in Baluchistan which contained the largest proportion of project roads. Appropriate risks and assumptions were not adequately recognized by ADB until Project 2.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The institutional strengthening component was highly responsive to the operational deficiencies of the NHA. The design of this component was much weakened by NHA’s lack of commitment which caused delays and changes to the terms of reference and missed performance targets. Closer collaboration with the NHA prior to loan approval could have strengthened this component.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition problems experienced by NHA. This required working with provincial governments which have legal responsibility for land matters and going through the difficult experiences in harmonizing national laws and ADB’s policy for social safeguards. An independent consultant engaged under the institutional strengthening project in 2007 identified and presented these issues in a written report.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Energy use and supply optimization can only be accomplished effectively if Bangladesh plans generation capacity optimally. This is an ongoing effort, and the government has been supported by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) to develop and update the power sector master plans.

Project Number: 44192-013
Project Name: Bangladesh–India Electrical Grid Interconnection Project
Report Date: