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Lesson
The rehabilitation or reconstruction of damaged infrastructure should be evaluated and implemented using simplified but transparent procurement procedures to reduce processing time and to restore normal living and livelihood conditions existing before the disaster. It is essential the rehabilitation or reconstruction of damaged infrastructure should be appropriately designed for disaster risks and climate resilience.

Project Number: 43001-012
Project Name: Emergency Flood Damage Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Given the frequency and severity of natural calamities, the government needs to have in place a fully functioning national disaster management system, including monitoring of hydrological and geological conditions, to identify vulnerable locations with a high probability of possible disasters, so that appropriate mitigation can be planned. This should have been one focus of project identification activities to prioritize projects mitigating or preventing the occurrence of natural disasters.

Project Number: 43001-012
Project Name: Emergency Flood Damage Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Improving performance of ADB may be achieved through resident mission management rather than from Manila, particularly in countries with complex institutional structures and approval processes.

Project Number: 42489-033
Project Name: Water Supply and Sanitation Services Investment Program (Project 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for robust evidencing mechanisms that can track outcomes and impacts credibly. Core issues of poverty reduction, income generation, and increased productivity require careful monitoring, preferably including a comparable group of nonbeneficiaries to assess the real impact of the project.

Project Number: 40086-013
Project Name: Water Resource Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Irrigation and drainage provision for many beneficiaries, as opposed to a few big farmers or collectives, requires substantial evidence of the governance models that can work to ensure sustainability. Technical challenges are only part of the problem in improving agricultural productivity and incomes. Commensurate attention is needed at farmlevel capacity development at project design, including outcome-level targets.

Project Number: 40086-013
Project Name: Water Resource Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Promoting collective action can be a challenge, not least in the post-Soviet Union context. Hence, there is a need to carefully analyze past experience, incentives, and the willingness of beneficiaries to sustain collective action and interventions.

Project Number: 40086-013
Project Name: Water Resource Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB staff need to be trained in economic analysis, specifically the identification, quantification, and valuation of economic benefits. This would improve the credibility of EIRR calculations.

Project Number: 39019-013
Project Name: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Since capacity building components of projects are rarely on the critical path to project completion, such as the institutional reform and corporate governance improvement component of this project, capacity building could be undertaken as a stand-alone technical assistance to avoid implementation delays caused by other components of the project.

Project Number: 39019-013
Project Name: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When doing the design and monitoring framework (DMF) exercise, outcomes should describe the immediate and direct benefits of the project. Outcome statements articulate the change the project is expected to achieve—in this case, the management of in-migration. No separate outcome statement or concept was included in the DMF.

Project Number: 38049-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The DUDES, TCC, and PCC, need to provide additional support for investments in the urban sector to ensure adequate funding to maintain, build capacity and public awareness, and improve access to urban services. The government’s policy calls for Thimphu and Phuentsholing city governments to outsource maintenance rather than to develop in-house capacity.34 This requires the DUDES, TCC, and PCC to enhance skills in project and program management and outsourcing.

Project Number: 38049-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The choice of the MFF as a financing modality appears to decrease the level of due diligence and scrutiny employed when approving single tranches as compared to project-based lending. This needs to be considered as a downside of the MFF modality in general and a more thorough due diligence stage needs to be implemented before approving single tranches, not only at MFF appraisal level.

Project Number: 37139-043
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program–Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Before approving new MFF tranches, it is necessary to ensured that all covenants of the first tranches have been met. This needs to be a condition for the disbursement of new funds, because at a later stage, ADB does not have much leverage.

Project Number: 37139-043
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program–Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
More stringent monitoring needs to be employed related to associated assets, such as transmission lines and power generation, as they affect implementation substantially. Associated infrastructures should be implemented earlier and potentially include them as covenants for the borrower to ensure the proper and timely execution of the project. As mentioned in para. 10, the substation was mostly unused at the time of PCR preparation.

Project Number: 37139-043
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program–Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing technical assistance to strengthen the institutional capacity of newly established states, executing agencies, and implementing agencies is essential. Capacity building activities should be included to enable smooth project execution according to ADB guidelines. The risk of natural disasters needs to be considered better during project design. More thorough due diligence into the frequency of these events needs to be employed, as for example the Sobla-1 hydropower plant was washed away twice, resulting in the abandonment of the project.

Project Number: 37139-043
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program–Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The choice of the MFF as a modality appears to decrease the level of due diligence and scrutiny employed when approving single tranches as compared to project-based lending. This needs to be considered as a downside of the MFF modality in general. A more thorough due diligence stage needs to be foreseen before approving single tranches, not only at the MFF appraisal level.

Project Number: 37139-033
Project Name: Uttarakhand Power Sector Investment Program–Tranche 2
Report Date: