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Lesson
Instituting a dedicated project account can instill cash flow discipline and ensure the exclusive use of payments for the project thus avoiding cash flow problems that can hinder work progress. Contractors in road construction projects in India generally face cash flow issues while executing the project because the funds they receive are diverted from the project to other purposes. This disrupts progress.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A timely and amicable settlement of disagreements between the executing agency and consultants and/or contractors should be worked out to the extent possible to avoid court cases and minimize the associated costs. The executing agency (EA) terminated the contract of the consultant for institutional capacity development on grounds of performance. As a result, both parties presented arguments to the dispute board and the matter is under the purview of Honorable High Court of Jharkhand.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Equipment to be provided by projects should be properly allocated and based on recipient needs. The distribution of equipment in some cases was not adequate for local disaster risks. For example, blowers were provided to all aimags including Govi-Altai where the risk of steppe and forest fires is low. In contrast, because of the high risk of forest fires in the area, Khuvsgul would have been provided more equipment such as blowers and forest fire extinguisher.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong community support is better assured through collaboration with local groups. Even in baghs (subdistricts) where shelters were not constructed, community support was strong because of the BNGs established by the project. Community ties nurtured through the BNGs have resulted in knowledge exchange, responsibility-sharing among the herders, and efficient use of BNG revolving funds and disaster risk reduction equipment and tools. BNGs organized various activities that benefited the whole community, such as road repairs and fence-building new fences.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Small-scale infrastructure can have an added value. The construction of livestock shelters and wells increased agricultural production and reduced livestock losses for many households. The results of this activity inspired other BNGs to build disaster-resilient infrastructure using their own resources. During the project completion review fieldwork missions, local residents expressed gratitude and gave positive feedback on the benefits they received.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporation of experiences and lessons from local and global good practices strengthens the design of projects.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued engagement with the government on macroeconomic and structural reforms will maximize program benefits. This program was an integral part of ADB’s overall country support activities and backed the government’s strong commitment to state-owned enterprise reform and structural macroeconomic reform. Particularly through technical assistance to strengthen economic management, it supported macroeconomic stability, sustained growth, and project preparation.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The ambitiousness of goals should be balanced with the availability of data and capacity to quickly augment more granular data collection. Data disaggregated by sex and age of end-recipients are often not available at the time of project preparation and this was the case with this program. Even after effectiveness and during implementation, only limited new data were prepared by the government. Systems were lacking to collect such data.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
To improve the project’s environmental performance, the design should ensure (a) early mobilization of environment specialists and consultants; and (b) clarity on safeguards requirements among the project staff, consultants, and contractors from commencement to closure. Some subproject works commenced without the required ADB-cleared initial environmental examination (IEE) reports, in response to which, a corrective action plan was agreed between ADB and the executing agency.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
A more in-depth assessment of the executing agency’s capacity during appraisal could have avoided delays and revisions in scope. In this case, the Meghalaya State Skill Development Society (MSSDS) was a new entity, with little prior experience in undertaking large-scale skills development activities. The MSSDS, along with the state Department of Education, comprised the two original project implementation units.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
An effective data or document management system for the project is critical to ensure data availability and consistency even after the project has been completed. Through an attached technical assistance, the project provided capacity development workshops to the Meghalaya State Skill Development Society and relevant government agencies in data collection, data consistency, and quality assurance.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
Government schools need to be included in future similar projects. While government-aided private schools were included, it was not clear why government schools that required enhancement support the most were completely exempted from the project scope.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
Upfront capacity development support before sanctioning project finance will help expedite project implementation. At appraisal, weak capacity of the executing agency was identified as among the key risks to the project. Capacity development support was provided through an attached technical assistance, which was also instrumental in putting the project on track after a significant startup delay. On hindsight, the delays may have been minimized if capacity development support was provided prior to loan approval.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
A longer project implementation period is necessary in projects with geographically challenging state terrain. The completion of this project was extended twice, for a total of 18 months, basically because of startup delays. Despite the delays that amounted to 30% overrun, completing the project in 6.5 years is a remarkable achievement for a first-time executing agency and for the first multisector project in the human development sector in a geographically challenging terrain.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
The skilling component in tourism and waste management for women in Bidar included in the original GAP could not be implemented because of the absence of experts and accreditation agencies. These trades would have provided better opportunities for women’s employment in male-dominated, high-paying vocations.

Project Number: 38254-053
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date: