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Lesson
Institutional and legal frameworks help ensure program and funding sustainability, continuity across political regimes, adequacy and predictability of benefits, and accountability during budget processes. Importantly, these frameworks should provide sufficient flexibility to allow programs to adapt, particularly during times of crises such as COVID-19, and to improve based on socioeconomic trends. For instance,a key feature of the 4Ps law provides for a mechanism to periodically review and adjust benefit levels.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation is crucial to continually improving program design. ADB has provided valuable support to impact evaluations of the Philippines' CCT program since 2010. These have helped identify progress as well as challenges requiring attention. For example, the lack of impact on children’s immunization rates requires revisiting the health conditionalities for all CCT beneficiary children. Similarly, reported school attendance rates remain high without necessarily being affected by the program.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To support an effective and sustainable exit strategy for beneficiaries, CCTs must strengthen the productive capacity of poor households. With the Philippines CCT law’s 7-year ceiling on duration of family participation,it will be important to communicate clearly with beneficiaries on their co-responsibilities and establish referral pathways.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A strong Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) mechanism is a requisite to identify and quickly act upon emerging challenges. The delays noted in this project present an opportunity for M&E improvement—that is, a strong evaluation function would have helped timely identification and quick resolution of the delays in the activity, procurement, and disbursement fronts. The government also noted challenges in the project’s M&E systems, particularly concerning the accuracy and completeness of these activities.

Project Number: 44265-013
Project Name: Second Health Care in the Central Highlands Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Purposeful selection of outcome Indicators that are easily and regularly monitored is critical in crisis response projects. There is a high level of uncertainty surrounding the duration and impact of a crisis. Thus, choosing outcome Indicators that provide timely and crucial information on the progress of the crisis and the impact of policy measures can help manage a crisis, as it allows to quickly introduce new measures when the situation worsens.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Comprehensive and disaggregated enterprise-level data are needed to effectively support micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in times of crisis. The absence of a real-time disaggregated financial data collection system at the beneficiary level made it difficult to timely track the status of business recovery of affected MSMEs. The dataset collected and used in reports on MSME lending did not include comprehensive disaggregated enterprise-level data from the start, making it impossible to assess the inclusiveness of the concessional lending.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Data interoperability facilitates beneficiary targetting in times of crisis. Difficulty in consolidating data between federal, provincial, and local-level governments and between sectors affected program implementation and progress monitoring. While Nepal’s social security programs each identify and register beneficiaries, there is no central register for poor and vulnerable populations. Hence, the ward officials identified food support beneficiaries, which led to implementation challenges.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of readily available and measurable social and economic data can limit the scope of the design and monitoring framework (DMF). The CPRO loan supported 12 schemes of the PMGKY program, which extended insurance cover for health workers, cash transfers, food and fuel transfers, and employment guarantees.. However, the DMF included only eight schemes for monitoring as part of the CPRO loan because specific results and performance Indicators could not be devised during appraisal considering the urgency of the requirement for assistance.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Limited baseline data could lead to unrealistic performance Indicators and targets. Because this was ADB’s first TVET grant project in Timor-Leste, which introduced a new area of formalized skills development, baseline data for the targets were limited. This led to some unrealistic performance Indicators and targets. For example, the number of students and trainers to be trained appeared to be modest, whereas the target of 65% of graduates to find employment within 3 months of graduation was overambitious.

Project Number: 45139-001
Project Name: Mid-Level Skills Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Design and monitoring frameworks (DMFs) need to have all the necessary Indicators as well as flexible timelines to effectively be used as planning, monitoring, and evaluation tools. Given the breadth of the program, the DMF should have included at least one indicator for each reform area to better monitor the outcome and long-term impact of key policy actions. Although three new outcome Indicators were included in subprogram 3, these mainly covered financial inclusion and nonperforming loans.

Project Number: 51252-003, 51252-004, 51252-005
Project Name: Financial Market Development Program
(Subprograms 1; 2; and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Development of measurable Gender performance Indicators and targets, with clearly defined Indicators and data sources, is important in integrating Gender in all programs being implemented by the government . It is also important to develop and implement Gender action plans and use structured data collection tools that can easily extract the required data in a timely manner.

Project Number: 54189-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Challenges encountered in the implementation of the COVID-19 Rapid Response Program highlight concerns that ADB need to address in future similar projects.

Project Number: 54174-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Allocating dedicated technical assistance resources to support government compliance with ADB requirements, notably those related to Monitoring and evaluation and Gender, is important.

Project Number: 54174-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring that Indicators are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound (SMART) is essential to tracking and measuring project results. One project target output was not realistic. The indicator used involves a complex bureaucratic process and requires allocation of revenue budget from the government, which was beyond the project’s scope and administrative boundary.

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Second Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An effective data or document management system for the project is critical to ensure data availability and consistency even after the project has been completed. Through an attached technical assistance, the project provided capacity development workshops to the Meghalaya State Skill Development Society and relevant government agencies in data collection, data consistency, and quality assurance.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date: