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Lesson
Effective institutional arrangements and adequate project management capacity are crucial to project success. At the onset, effective institutional mechanisms and linkages were established to ensure efficient project management andimplementation. Extensive, expanded, and continuingCapacity development through hands-on training, advocacy, and dissemination of knowledge products provided a cohesive approach to ensure that innovative technological solutions to groundwater degradation were effectively addressed and absorbed by stakeholders.

Project Number: 47047-002
Project Name: Shandong Groundwater Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Hiring a consultant to periodically collect data is crucial in monitoring and subsequently maintaining output achievements. Similarly, it will be useful for financial intermediary projects to engage a consultant to monitor the Implementation status of subprojects.

Project Number: 47305-002, 47305-004
Project Name: Horticulture Value Chain Development Project
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Lesson
Continuous monitoring of training results and job placement is required to ensure the integrity of the training data provided. The online training management system (TMS) was set up to track large-scale training outputs from numerous training providers, which also became a basis of milestone payments. The Skills Development Coordination and Monitoring Unit (SDCMU) carried out several types of monitoring and verification activities. Rigorous monitoring and regular field checks were essential for the payment system based on milestone achievement, especially with respect to job placement.

Project Number: 42466-015
Project Name: Skills for Employment Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of adjustments/updates to the project scope, e.g., the gender targets of this program, needs to be closely monitored by the project management office to prevent further setbacks/shortfalls and ensure attainment of updated targets set in p[ace by midterm reviews .

Project Number: 35290–013, 35290–043
Project Name: North Eastern Region Capital Cities Development Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
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Lesson
Allocating dedicated technical assistance resources to support government compliance with ADB requirements, notably those related to Monitoring and evaluation and Gender, is important.

Project Number: 54174-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Rapid Response Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Data collection on all Indicators in each tranche project should be ensured to facilitate a reliable assessment of the accomplishments and performance of each project and the entire MFF. The executing agency (EA) is required, as part of the government’s undertakings, to establish a project performance monitoring system to collect and measure baseline data on the performance Indicators in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) during implementation and to submit to ADB, as self-evaluation, the government’s completion report for the implemented projects.

Project Number: 44483-024, 44483-023, 44483-026, 44483-027
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Although it did not negatively impact the program, submission of the monthly and quarterly progress reports was irregular throughout the MFF implementation. This cannot go unattended under the second MFF, as without timely reporting, program management will not be in a good position to address the implementation challenges, especially those unforeseen at MFF and individual tranche approval. The program management unit should establish a mechanism to regularly monitor physical and financial progress per contract.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program 
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition and government approval processes need to be assessed and factored into the design of projects to mitigate the risk of delays. In addition to institutional capacity, other matters such as the time required for land acquisition and processing of internal approvals need to be assessed during project preparation. Appropriate risk mitigation measures need to be in place. Undertaking these activities would have helped lessen the implementation delays encountered by this project to which delays in contract awarding and land acquisition were major contributing factors.

Project Number: 41626-013
Project Name: Bihar Power System Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The COVID-19 pandemic response option (CPRO) is an effective model for channeling significant support to government to mitigate the impacts of a crisis.This program demonstrated how the CPRO provided a timely and effective means for channeling support to government in helping mitigate negative social, health, and economic impacts of a crisis.

Project Number: 54193-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Changing internal guidance and expectations added significant pressure in designing ADB’s COVID-19 response programs and this has to be managed more effectively in future similar circumstances. ADB was still refining its COVID-19 pandemic response option (CPRO) policy and guidelines when this program was prepared. Managing the changing internal guidelines and expectations added significant pressure.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Widespread assistance from development partners (DPs) in times of crisis could lead to fiscal expansion and unsustainable expenditures that require subsequent downward adjustments. The inflow of DP assistance to support the Republic of Marshall Islands’ (RMI) COVID-19 response plan has masked its structural fiscal deficit and led to expenditures that were unsustainable and needed to be adjusted afterwards. With the pandemic winding down, it has become most important for the country to heed the EconMAP’s recommendation for it take steps to address this fiscal deficit.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeted assistance will help ensure that crisis response programs reach those who need them most. Targeted assistance to women and girls, including in safeguarding their health and safety and prioritizing their coverage in socioeconomic assistance, helped support the well-being of these vulnerable groups. Harmonizing efforts to distribute WASH and dignity kits with those undertaken by a civil society group eliminated the risk of duplication and inefficiencies thus maximizing available assistance from various sources.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A robust targeting and monitoring system is essential to prioritizing the poor and vulnerable in emergency assistance and disaster risk reduction. While the government’s National Resilience Fund monitoring system ensured that social relief reached the poor and the vulnerable and other affected groups as envisaged, the preparation of reports took almost 1 month on average. The COVID-19 experience indicates that pandemics affect women and women differently because of gender inequalities caused by socioeconomic conditions and societal gender norms, which put women and girls at a disadvantage.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Nonpartisan, broadly upheld leadership is crucial to the success of pandemic/crisis response programs. Leading the national efforts in the fight against the pandemic, His Majesty the King traveled extensively across the country to achieve the highest level of preparedness and to instill public confidence by alleviating the difficulties faced by the people and ensuring uninterrupted supply of food and essential commodities. His Majesty’s compassionate leadership resulted in building mutual trust and confidence among the people and their leaders.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
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Lesson
Combating pandemics of COVID-19’s scale requires a whole-of-society-and-government approach. While replicating the Bhutanese experience may be difficult given the country's uniqueness in many ways, Bhutan's strong leadership and the government's relentless endeavor to implement public safety measures while vaccinating nearly the entire adult population is notable. Bhutan’s COVID-19 response with a whole-of-society-and-government approach under the leadership of the King is exemplary and provides a model for combating pandemics of such a scale.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date: