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Lesson
Programs such as this should take a holistic approach to measuring and abating air pollution. Although substantial progress has been made, longer-term policy measures to address the ongoing air quality issue in Mongolia are still needed The increased concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide show shortcomings in the program’s overall achievements, along with the concentrations of small particulate matter which remain above World Health Organization’s guidelines, necessitating more policy actions.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Publication of air quality should be institutionalized to provide a feedback loop to policy makers and to empower the public to assess overall progress. ADB’s participation in the longer-term framework for air pollution abatement will reinforce the feedback and will be an instrument to provide additional assistance that will ensure the continued air pollution reduction in Ulaanbaatar and other urban areas in Mongolia.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The introduction of a lease contract for water service delivery was innovative in the Armenia and former Soviet Union state context, which provides a model for other countries to consider.

Project Number: 46220-006
Project Name: Infrastructure Sustainability Support Program (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need to determine if public financial reforms should be undertaken within the context of sector investments or separately.

Project Number: 46220-006
Project Name: Infrastructure Sustainability Support Program (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Dialogue is necessary so that studies and policies can be structured to comply with the government’s requirements. Had this been done during the design stage, the urban public transport promotion policy proposed under the project would not have been rejected.

Project Number: 49232-001
Project Name: Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Air Quality Improvement– Hebei Policy Reforms Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to perform technical and economic due diligence and feasibility before policy actions are recommended and implemented.

Project Number: 49232-001
Project Name: Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Air Quality Improvement– Hebei Policy Reforms Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The number of projects and subprojects to be implemented under any assistance package must consider the absorptive capacity of local contractors, availability of construction materials, and local labor. Close attention must be given to the quality of the facilities and infrastructures built. Utilizing local contractors and labor have their trade-offs, such as implementation delays and deficiency in financial resources, but the quality of the completed facilities is nonnegotiable. This would require closer supervision, frequent monitoring, and faster processing of payments.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is best to allocate available local resources and assistance, including loans based on sector priorities, through a participatory process involving all stakeholders and beneficiaries.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for strong emphasis on establishing adequate O&M mechanisms to ensure sustainability of the built infrastructure. Lastly, more guidance is required from district administrations, consultants, and community facilitators to ensure that communities understand the importance of systematic maintenance.

Project Number: 38385-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective utilization of existing institutions avoided start-up problems and delays. This enabled the concerned agencies to immediately trigger implementation activities without waiting for a project management office to be set up. This was attributed to ADB’s own experience in implementing the previous PNPM Mandiri project.

Project Number: 38385-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
The integrated approach to disaster recovery operations beyond infrastructure restoration to also include activities directed at restoring livelihood and improving the resilience of infrastructure and economic activity to disasters.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In emergency situations, requiring design changes that are inconsistent with existing regulations should be avoided no matter how appropriate.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The decision to use the project management units of ongoing ADB-funded projects with minor increase in staff expedited reconstruction.

Project Number: 39144-013
Project Name: Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons.

Project Number: 41657-013
Project Name: Emergency Disaster Damage Rehabilitation (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 39118-013
Project Name: Cyclone Emergency Assistance Project [Loan 2174-COO]
Report Date: