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Lesson
To avoid and minimize adverse project impact, engineering and social safeguard teams need to work closely to ensure land acquisition and compensation are in line with the approved detailed engineering designs.

Project Number: 46293-003
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
EAs/IAs and supreme audit institutions (SAIs) have expressed a substantial demand for capacity development initiatives focused on financial reporting and auditing practices. Increased and more frequent collaborative engagement with SAIs and private auditing firms would facilitate the prioritization of limited TA resources, allowing them to be strategically allocated to address the most critical capacity gaps. EAs/IAs staff training need to continuously focus on timely financial reporting and audit and comprehensive coverage of all project expenditures until financial closing.

Project Number: 52113-001
Project Name: Strengthening Financial Management in Asia and the Pacific, Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The risks associated with single-tranche loans can be mitigated through proper management of the loan proceeds and control of the project cost. The ADB loan was featured to have a single tranche disbursement arrangement to address currency mismatch and hedge financial risks arising from foreign borrowing. In the early stage of project implementation, the full amount of the ADB loan ($90.8 million) was disbursed as an advance and exchanged to local currency.

Project Number: 41682-039
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Highway Expansion Phase 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project offers a good implementation management model for similar ADB-financed projects to learn from. This project was completed ahead of schedule with no cost overrun, an exception among ADB-financed road projects in other member countries. The government has strong capacity and experience in managing such highway projects. Compiling experiences and lessons learned from this project and disseminating them to other member countries would enhance the overall efficiency of ADB-financed projects.

Project Number: 41682-039
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Highway Expansion Phase 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Flexibility in project design is required to respond to changes in subproject scale and adapt capacity support to the changing needs. This project was implemented across eight provinces, with significant differences in the size and scope of provincial waterworks (PWW) subprojects and local capacities. A flexible design was crucial to its successful implementation.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Opportunities for advance procurement remain limited in Cambodia because financing is unavailable for detailed engineering designs in advance of loans. This limits the preparatory actions that could be undertaken to improve project readiness. Solutions such as a project design facility are being considered and may be possible from 2024 onwards.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional arrangements to implement mandatory safeguard polices and reporting systems and gender action plans need to be established in the initial stages of the project. This is to avoid potential delays which could adversely impact project adherence to social and environmental safeguards and gender equality results. Adequate human, rechnical, and budgetary resources and strict monitoring by the PMU and ADB are required to ensure compliance.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The transition of PWWs into independent corporate entities requires adequate preparation to ensure they have the capacity, technical and financial management skills, and resources for viability and sustainability. To support this transition, the PMU adopted a phased and practical approach, implementing vital actions with training and technical support. The PWWs developed business planning and financial reporting systems and adopted supervisory control and data acquisition systems. The PMU has identified the first PWWs that are considered ready for the next step as a corporate entity.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The unit cost of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is usually higher than that of general school education. Hence, to protect the program’s benefits, TVET output stream must be coordinated closely with the job market preferences of employers.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Proper assessment of the borrower’s capacity and those of the executing agencies during the preparation phase supports project implementation which will help achieve the desired output and results. A delay in one key project component, due to weak capacity of agencies, could likely cause further delays in the subsequent activities such civil works which hampers the overall project implementation timeline.

Project Number: 44483-023, 44483-024, 44483-026, 44483-027
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Performing an adequate level of due diligence and risk assessments at the early stage of project preparation increases the quality of project design and readiness. For example, preparatory work for procurement planning and administration of abnormally low bids (e.g., prequalification of bidders) supports and better streamlines the procurement process and avoids substantial changes in a project design and scope.

Project Number: 44483-023, 44483-024, 44483-026, 44483-027
Project Name: Second Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 2 Road Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate documentation, including irretrievability and non-updating of project documents, reduces the level of scrutiny possible during project completion review and subsequent evaluations. Discrepancies in project assessments and progress reports, which tend to obscure actual results, make it difficult to establish project performance across the results chain. Non-availability in English of important documents, such as tracer studies, impedes the depth and comprehensiveness of project completion reviews and other evaluations.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
EAs and IAs commonly perceive the low-cost option as the preferred option. However, in the case of consultant selection and civil works contractor selection in thisproject, this perception was debunked by poor contractor performance and issues with payment.

Project Number: 47009-002
Project Name: Guangxi Baise Vocational Education Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Wage issues significantly affect the demographics of the teaching projection. The project observed a shift in the demographics of teachers, with an increase in non-minority teachers and a decrease in minority teachers. This shift can be attributed to local wage disparities, which incentivize local women, including ethnic minorities, to seek employment opportunities in higher-paying regions such as Nanning and Guangdong.

Project Number: 47009-002
Project Name: Guangxi Baise Vocational Education Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need to provide employability training and support to enhance the employment prospects of women even in non-skilled jobs. During project implementation, many employment positions were created, primarily benefiting ethnic minorities, including minority women. These positions mainly involved infrastructure work with lower technical skill requirements and cleaning work. While these opportunities were valuable, experience from the project highlighted the need for employability training and support to these groups.

Project Number: 47009-002
Project Name: Guangxi Baise Vocational Education Development Project
Report Date: