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Lesson
The governments' internal review and approval processes and executing agencies' limited prior experience in ADB-financed projects and unfamiliarity with ADB procurement procedures were major contributing factors to the substantial startup and implementation delays experienced by this project.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement
Report Date:
Lesson
Good due diligence at appraisal is important to prepare a realistic project schedule considering the institutional setup, internal review and approval procedures, existing capacity, and prior experience of the government and executing agency in implementing ADB and other development partners' projects. Formulating appropriate project design, identifying major risks, implementing adequate mitigation measures, and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing startup delays and facilitating the timely implementation progress of projects.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The process of obtaining forest and wildlife clearance approvals in India is lengthy and complex and this should be factored into the project implementation timelines both at the design stage and while processing the scope extension. The compliance risk can be mitigated through advanced action by the implementing agency in managing land acquisition, forest clearance, and resettlement issues. The compliance with safeguards requirements should be linked to commissioning as retrofitting after transmission assets become operational poses challenges.

Project Number: 44426-016
Project Name: Green Energy Corridor and Grid Strengthening Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB project teams need to have a realistic understanding of how long it takes host governments to secure internal approvals to avoid delays in completion thatcould impact project performance. Loan effectiveness took place about 5 months after loan signing, some 3 months behind schedule, “due to prolonged government approvals and parliamentary ratification procedures.” This put the project behind schedule almost from the beginning. Subsequent review missions “emphasized the need to accelerate implementation of all planned activities.

Project Number: 46535-001
Project Name: Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training
Report Date:
Lesson
Climatic constraints, available working seasons over the year, difficult terrain, availability of experienced local labor, and availability of construction materials need to be adequately considered in deciding the construction completion period. As this was not the case under the project, the Public Works Department was forced to extend the contracts' duration to be able to complete the civil works contracts.

Project Number: 37143-023
Project Name: North Eastern State Roads Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
As they can lead to time and cost overruns, wide time gaps between the finalization of the estimate, initiation of the bidding process, and awarding of contracts should be avoided. Significant time gaps of 4–5 years between the finalization of the detailed project reports, including cost estimates and the completion of the bidding process were incurred in this project. This led to higher contract costs in comparison to the engineering estimates.

Project Number: 37143-023
Project Name: North Eastern State Roads Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Timelines for policy changes and major reforms should also be realistic, knowing that building understanding and ownership can take time and the passage of legislation can be a lengthy process. Two municipalities declined to participate in the project because of their objection to the transfer of ownership and management of assets to a state government agency.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome indicators that do not measure the achievement of outcomes and that are only indirectly linked to the desired outcomes weaken the attainment of objectives.

Project Number: 51059-001, 51059-002
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure
Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Assessment of project impacts critically depends on the collection and analysis of project and other data. Establishing a project performance management system as part of project administration and covenanted in the loan agreement is crucial.

Project Number: 41122-023
Project Name: Road Corridor Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Immediately prior to project approval, a final assessment of the project environment can help identify potential changes or revisions affecting the implementation of subprojects and their components. While scope changes may be unavoidable, the challenge is to proactively identify areas of concern where project circumstances may have already substantially changed prior to implementation affecting coverage of subprojects or components. For example, the higher performance standards brought in after approval for the wastewater treatment plant impacted its financial sustainability.

Project Number: 43054-013
Project Name: Hai River Estuary Area Pollution Control and Ecosystem Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Cost overrun can potentially result in a decrease of intended benefits and lower achievement of project outcome. Appropriate estimation of project costs, including contingencies, at appraisal helps in reducing the cost overrun during implementation that could have serious implications on project implementation, given limited funding resources. For instance, a more rigorous consideration of design, including alternative designs and least-cost options, are important to help improve a project’s financial planning and accuracy of cost estimates.

Project Number: 38560-022
Project Name: Second Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation offers the following lesson: it is important to work and clearly communicate with ACMF and its working groups to get buy-in to the TA project. This is evident in how stakeholders noted their appreciation to this approach.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation also offers this lesson: The TA memo provides a lesson (although it was not reflected in the TCR lessons) regarding the shift in scope, "In light of the ongoing transition to federalism, which aims to devolve the responsibilities for the agriculture sector to the subnational government levels (provincial and municipal), the consultations at the subnational level have become critical not only for the program design, but also to assess the most feasible implementation arrangements…The need to consult with the subnational government offices has not received sufficient atte

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR lesson reflects on the need to engage with the stakeholders in the project design process. However, there is no mention of whether the stakeholders were consulted again when the output indicators changed, and some market corridors were dropped. When the project scope changes significantly, it is a good practice to revisit previously consulted stakeholders to update them of the need to change the targets and incorporate their feedback.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
Agreed. Lesson might be rephrased as: Wide stakeholder consultations (with private sector, subject matter experts, and the government) enabled identification of critical reforms, particularly on food safety, an area where this TA linked with public health.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date: