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Lesson
Clarity on implementation roles and responsibilities and consistent collection and monitoring of Gender-disaggregated data are key to the successful execution of the project Gender action plan (GAP). Gender trainings at inception stage provided clarity on the roles and responsibilities of consultants and implementing agency staff. The well-defined division of labor provided a strong kickstart to the implementation of the GAP. Integration of sex-disaggregated data collection into the system enabled reliable Monitoring and evaluation of GAP progress throughout the project.

Project Number: 40190-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome objectives did not directly link to policy actions and to outputs and therefore were not attained. If the outcome objectives are not closely linked to outputs and are overly ambitious, it is difficult to achieve a satisfactory outcome.

Project Number: 51059-001, 51059-002
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure
Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
An uncomplicated program design is a key factor in achieving reform in fragile states. In countries with low public sector capacity, a single-tranche policy-based program, with all policy actions achieved prior to an ADB Board presentation, is an effective means of achieving step-by-step reforms. In the Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure Management Program, the simplicity of design was a feature of the individual policy actions, which were generally self contained and within the capability of the government to implement.

Project Number: 50377-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure
Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Actions that demonstrate the achievement of program policy matrix milestones should indicate what were achieved, rather than the process of how these were accomplished. For example, an endorsement or approval of a framework, manual, procedure, and others is not an adequate indicator to demonstrate that a policy reform was successfully accomplished, particularly in fragile and small island developing states.

Project Number: 50377-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal and Infrastructure
Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
To support an effective and sustainable exit strategy for beneficiaries, CCTs must strengthen the productive capacity of poor households. With the Philippines CCT law’s 7-year ceiling on duration of family participation,it will be important to communicate clearly with beneficiaries on their co-responsibilities and establish referral pathways.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional and legal frameworks help ensure program and funding sustainability, continuity across political regimes, adequacy and predictability of benefits, and accountability during budget processes. Importantly, these frameworks should provide sufficient flexibility to allow programs to adapt, particularly during times of crises such as COVID-19, and to improve based on socioeconomic trends. For instance,a key feature of the 4Ps law provides for a mechanism to periodically review and adjust benefit levels.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation is crucial to continually improving program design. ADB has provided valuable support to impact evaluations of the Philippines' CCT program since 2010. These have helped identify progress as well as challenges requiring attention. For example, the lack of impact on children’s immunization rates requires revisiting the health conditionalities for all CCT beneficiary children. Similarly, reported school attendance rates remain high without necessarily being affected by the program.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project monitoring needs to continue until the preparation of the project completion report (PCR). From loan closure in August 2020 to project completion in February 2022, APDCL implemented the project using its own resources. A streamlined process for monitoring and reporting was not followed during this period. While there were no adverse incidents or complaints reported during this period, it would be in the best interest of the project, the borrowing governments, and ADB to continue keeping a close watch on the project and its operation until at least PCR preparation.

Project Number: 47101-003
Project Name: Assam Power Sector Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
In preparing the design and monitoring framework, careful consideration should be given to the relevance of the performance Indicators against the output and outcome targets. Greater cohesion between Indicators and targets will lead to a proper evaluation of project achievements. The effectiveness of the capacity building could have been identified through appropriate Indicators to allow closer monitoring and timely intervention by ADB

Project Number: 47101-002
Project Name: Assam Power Sector Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
A strong Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) mechanism is a requisite to identify and quickly act upon emerging challenges. The delays noted in this project present an opportunity for M&E improvement—that is, a strong evaluation function would have helped timely identification and quick resolution of the delays in the activity, procurement, and disbursement fronts. The government also noted challenges in the project’s M&E systems, particularly concerning the accuracy and completeness of these activities.

Project Number: 44265-013
Project Name: Second Health Care in the Central Highlands Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Comprehensive and disaggregated enterprise-level data are needed to effectively support micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in times of crisis. The absence of a real-time disaggregated financial data collection system at the beneficiary level made it difficult to timely track the status of business recovery of affected MSMEs. The dataset collected and used in reports on MSME lending did not include comprehensive disaggregated enterprise-level data from the start, making it impossible to assess the inclusiveness of the concessional lending.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Data interoperability facilitates beneficiary targetting in times of crisis. Difficulty in consolidating data between federal, provincial, and local-level governments and between sectors affected program implementation and progress monitoring. While Nepal’s social security programs each identify and register beneficiaries, there is no central register for poor and vulnerable populations. Hence, the ward officials identified food support beneficiaries, which led to implementation challenges.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Purposeful selection of outcome Indicators that are easily and regularly monitored is critical in crisis response projects. There is a high level of uncertainty surrounding the duration and impact of a crisis. Thus, choosing outcome Indicators that provide timely and crucial information on the progress of the crisis and the impact of policy measures can help manage a crisis, as it allows to quickly introduce new measures when the situation worsens.

Project Number: 54184-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project community development groups and community development committees were important during implementation, including the need to ensure the active participation of women and disadvantaged groups. However, these were not sustainable for operations and maintenance after project completion. This is possibly because small civil society organizations must rely on voluntary contributions to pay for annual audits and expenses related to running an office.

Project Number: 44214-024
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate formulation of sector-specific procurement contract packages, adequate procurement planning and readiness, and suitable contract management are critical prerequisites to minimize the risks of project start-up delays and implementation. Assessing the executing and implementing agencies' procurement capacity early on is necessary to identify and augment needed capacity, e.g., technical and procurement skills gap and familiarity with ADB procedures.

Project Number: 40423-053
Project Name: Rural Connectivity Investment Program (Tranche 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date: