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Lesson
ADB played an important role in country risk mitigation. ADB’s partial credit guarantee (PCG) to the Southern Gas Corridor Closed Joint-Stock Company (SGC) made possible SGC’s access to necessary private sector refinancing to meet its financial commitments to Shah Deniz Stage II (SD2) and the midstream pipelines. This reduced government dependence on the country’s dwindling oil and gas revenues held by the State Oil Fund of the Republic of Azerbaijan (SOFAZ) to meet expenditure obligations.

Project Number: 49451-002
Project Name: Shah Deniz Gas Field Expansion Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The ambitiousness of goals should be balanced with the availability of data and capacity to quickly augment more granular data collection. Data disaggregated by sex and age of end-recipients are often not available at the time of project preparation and this was the case with this program. Even after effectiveness and during implementation, only limited new data were prepared by the government. Systems were lacking to collect such data.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Government schools need to be included in future similar projects. While government-aided private schools were included, it was not clear why government schools that required enhancement support the most were completely exempted from the project scope.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
Project implementation often faces multiple risks. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and providing adequate early-stage support are crucial in minimizing initial delays and addressing emerging project needs. Adequate due diligence at appraisal should emphasize strong assessment of borrower's and executing agency's capacity across institutional, financial, and operational aspects.

Project Number: 42051-023
Project Name: Energy Efficiency Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical for a Gender equity theme project to have a Gender specialist on board to monitor and ensure the attainment of all Gender action plan (GAP) targets. GAP monitoring was the responsibility of the project implementation unit, with support from social development specialists hired by the project implementation consultant. The project implementation consultancy ended in April 2015; after which the government was to fund the engagement of a social development specialist. The position was not filled due to lack of funds, resulting in reduced GAP monitoring and assessment.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A longer project implementation period is necessary in projects with geographically challenging state terrain. The completion of this project was extended twice, for a total of 18 months, basically because of startup delays. Despite the delays that amounted to 30% overrun, completing the project in 6.5 years is a remarkable achievement for a first-time executing agency and for the first multisector project in the human development sector in a geographically challenging terrain.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
More thoughtful planning and sustained monitoring are required when implementing new pilot approaches. Successful implementation of new approaches such as public-private partnerships, which involve government policy changes and reforms, would require realistic timelines, ongoing monitoring of political commitment, and adoption of risk management strategies that are responsive to change.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Performance monitoring and reporting on the implementation of the Gender action plan (GAP) need to be understood as mandatory activities to ensure they are completely undertaken. Implementation of the GAP was not successful in achieving all planned activities and targets. While 4 of the 5 activities were implemented, only 2 of the 10 targets were achieved. Ongoing monitoring could have improved the actions undertaken and attainment of targets. As women have a core role as clients, users, employees, and beneficiaries of water supply systems, GAP implementation should be strictly monitored.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong alignment with government strategies and priorities leads to strong government ownership and participation in program implementation. The reforms adopted under this program were essential to improve fiscal credibility and strengthen the capital market in Armenia. They were fully aligned with the strategies of the government and ADB. Because of this strong strategic alignment, government ownership of the program remained strong and all implementing agencies actively coordinated with ADB to achieve the reform agenda.

Project Number: 53248-001
Project Name: Second Public Efficiency and Financial Markets Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition and government approval processes need to be assessed and factored into the design of projects to mitigate the risk of delays. In addition to institutional capacity, other matters such as the time required for land acquisition and processing of internal approvals need to be assessed during project preparation. Appropriate risk mitigation measures need to be in place. Undertaking these activities would have helped lessen the implementation delays encountered by this project to which delays in contract awarding and land acquisition were major contributing factors.

Project Number: 41626-013
Project Name: Bihar Power System Improvement Project
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Lesson
In small island developing countries with limited policy reform capacity, ADB should avoid targeting multiple reform areas in one policy-based operation—i.e., debt management, civil service reform, management of the wage bill, public procurement, and private sector development—and keep prior actions to a minimum.

Project Number: 48361-001, 48361-002, 48361-003
Project Name: Building Macroeconomic Resilience Program
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Lesson
Policy reform programs with complex and multiple interventions require rigorous identification and assessment of the political economy and capacity risks to ensure overall effectiveness.

Project Number: 48361-001, 48361-002, 48361-003
Project Name: Building Macroeconomic Resilience Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The collection of sex-disaggregated data remains to be a challenge in Georgia and this needs greater attention in ensuing programs in the country. The collection of sex-disaggregated data to support CPRO design and implementation was challenging, hindered in some cases by the emergency situation, and in other instances, by the limitations in government databases. This highlights the need for ensuing programs to carefully evaluate and identify the appropriate gender indicators in ensuing programs.

Project Number: 54191-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
An integrated, eco-friendly sanitation and waste management system is possible through a combination of innovative approaches. This project’s design reflects the experience gained from the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction grants and other donor and government initiatives incorporating innovative best practices in eco-friendly and integrated onsite sanitation and waste management system.

Project Number: 49113-001
Project Name: Managing Soil Pollution in Ger Areas through Improved On-site Sanitation Project
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Lesson
Applying the gender lens in the design and implementation of energy projects can help ensure women’s access to quality power supply and in the process promote their empowerment. The MFF’s project experiences showed the many benefits that could result from gender-focused activities such as awareness-raising on gender equality and safe and efficient use of electricity, women skills training in energy-based enterprises, and the provision of business development services.

Project Number: 43467-014, 43467-016
Project Name: Madhya Pradesh Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 2 and MFF
Report Date: