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Lesson

Urban–rural disparity in training outcomes can be wide, partly because of unequal access to industries and the wage labor market. The national apprenticeship scheme and industrial training institutes are closely linked with employers; the scheme has resulted in impressive employment rates. Skills training providers who cater to rural areas have the greatest challenge in creating jobs. Disadvantaged social groups are normally less involved in skills training.

Project Number: 47334-002

Project Name: Supporting Kerala's Additional Skill Acquisition Program in Post-Basic Education

Report Date: 31 Aug 2023

Lesson

As they can lead to time and cost overruns, wide time gaps between the finalization of the estimate, initiation of the bidding process, and awarding of contracts should be avoided. Significant time gaps of 4–5 years between the finalization of the detailed project reports, including cost estimates and the completion of the bidding process were incurred in this project. This led to higher contract costs in comparison to the engineering estimates.

Project Number: 37143-023

Project Name: North Eastern State Roads Investment Program - Tranche 1

Report Date: 31 Aug 2023

Lesson

Policy reforms should resolve issues, such as by defining the roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders and operationalizing service delivery through appropriate institutional arrangements. Policy reforms should articulate how budgetary resources will be shared at different government levels and how resources from public and nonpublic sources will be mobilized for sustainability.

Project Number: 47334-002

Project Name: Supporting Kerala's Additional Skill Acquisition Program in Post-Basic Education

Report Date: 31 Aug 2023

Lesson

Changes to a project's scope and routings are common among energy projects of this nature and magnitude, but it is important to update all relevant project documents accordingly. Despite significant scope changes during project implementation, the design and monitoring framework was not revised to account for the changes. This resulted in the project's performance being evaluated against targets that were not updated. However, the loan agreement was amended accordingly.

Project Number: 49214-002

Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project

Report Date: 17 Jul 2023

Lesson

The required procurement method must be assessed at appraisal stage to determine its compliance with ADB policies prior to including each package in ADB-financed projects. The rehabilitation of the 500 kV HVDC terminals between Rihand and Dadri was dropped when competitive procurement was not feasible because of the nature of the works and resulted in changes in scope.

Project Number: 49214-002

Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project

Report Date: 17 Jul 2023

Lesson

Close coordination is required to ensure high utilization of project-financed assets. The executing agency is responsible only for the construction, installation, and commissioning of transmission assets, as required by the National Dispatch Center, while the utilization of assets is the responsibility of the National Dispatch Center. Although the utilization of assets built under this project is satisfactory at present, the executing agency is not aware of the future planned level of utilization.

Project Number: 49214-002

Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project

Report Date: 17 Jul 2023

Lesson

ADB close mentoring and guidance are crucial to ensuring quality financial reports and well functioning financial systems. During the first reporting year of the project, the implementing agency had difficulty complying with the annual financial reporting requirements. Through ADB's close mentoring and guidance, the reports gradually improved, from the beginning of fiscal year 2019 up to 2021, and the auditors issued clean or unqualified opinions.

Project Number: 49214-002

Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project

Report Date: 17 Jul 2023

Lesson

Following ADB Procurement Guidelines throughout will avoid any issues over unfamiliarity with or misunderstanding of the conditions. Although the use of the implementing agency's works and procurement policy and procedures was approved with conditions for smaller contracts, the implementing agency's decision to follow ADB's guidelines eased implementation and minimized procurement issues.

Project Number: 46537-002

Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project

Report Date: 17 Jul 2023

Lesson

In addition to ensuring robust environmental assessment and management to avoid project delays and operational disruptions, it is imperative to plan for and link mitigation measures such as the installation of bird flight diverters to the commissioning of power lines and financial closure, rather than leaving such measures to be retrofitted after the power lines have become operational. Insufficient attention to forest clearance needs during project design and planning resulted in implementation delays. The quality of the environmental assessments fell short.

Project Number: 49214-002

Project Name: Solar Transmission Sector Project

Report Date: 17 Jul 2023

Lesson

Community involvement was substantial during project implementation and proved to be crucial in integrative flood and river erosion management. Advocacy and capacity development of community stakeholders enabled them to understand the complex flood risk management Cultural norms regarding women's roles in society were carefully navigated.