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Lesson
There are concerns on the additional costs associated with green bond issuances, as well as reputational risk if their bonds lose their green status

Project Number: 50057-001
Project Name: Promoting Green Local Currency-Denominated Bonds for Infrastructure Development in ASEAN+4
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA project supported DMCs to test new innovative technologies and leapfrog to the use of cutting-edge technologies to address the development issues. Once the value of digital solutions was proven through pilots, the TA project has supported operational departments to scale up the digital solutions. The TA project customized the digital solutions implemented in a country to another country adjusted to the specific contexts. For example, the TA project supported an initial diagnostic study of the national ID system in the Philippines.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB recognizes the need to leverage strategic knowledge partnerships for learning, capacity building, and innovation. It is particularly so in the areas of emerging technologies. The knowledge partnerships have been leveraged to tap into the expertise, resources, and networks of these organizations. For example, ADB joined the Global Partnership Network on Identification and jointly endorsed the Declaration of Common Principles on Identification for Sustainable Development on 11 January 2017.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA project conducted a number of PFSs on potential ICTD projects linking them to planned ADB projects in DMCs including Bangladesh, Cambodia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka. Upon request from operational departments, the TA project provided upstream support for these DMCs to improve the design quality of the planned projects, covering various sectors and thematic areas such as agriculture, education, public sector management, and urban development.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Stakeholder participation was the key success factor of the TA project as the main objectives were capacity development of DMCs as well as the improved efficiency and effectiveness of ADB’s ICT projects. The TA project supported DMCs by contributing to existing and planned projects. Therefore, the engagement of operational departments in the TA project activities was critical to generate meaningful outputs and outcomes. For example, the TA project supported the CPS formulation by participating in the CPS missions.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA project supported 19 DMCs (including subregional initiatives in the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation, Greater Mekong Subregion, and the Pacific) in 11 sector or thematic areas through 67 activities during TA project implementation. It has received positive responses from ADB’s operational departments and DMCs, contributing to the mainstreaming ICT in ADB operations.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
This kind of activity turned out to be very effective in incorporating ICT in ADB operations more strategically and comprehensively across sectors and thematic areas in line with ADB’s strategies particularly on the emerging technology areas where there are growing demands but ADB doesn’t have enough capacity. This kind of activity should be continued.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
There are some knowledge gaps on ICT among ADB operational departments, which resulted in nonoptimal quality in project design. To address this gap, first, the TA project compiled past, ongoing, and pipelined ICT projects and built an ICT project database. Second, the TA project started to send monthly e-newsletters updating ADB staff on ICT trends and activities collected from other development banks across the globe.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA project successfully supported the operational departments in preparing ADB CPS by conducting diagnostic studies on the countries’ readiness and opportunities on ICTD in DMCs including Azerbaijan, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Sri Lanka. For the Kyrgyz Republic CPS 2018–2022, Azerbaijan CPS 2019–2023, and Indonesia CPS 2016–2019, the diagnostic study reports were incorporated in the following ADB publications: Azerbaijan: Country Digital Development Overview; Kyrgyz Republic: Improving Growth Potential; and Indonesia: Promoting ICT in Indonesia.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparing the terms of reference, finding good consultants, and managing the consultants’ outputs are not easy tasks for most ADB staff who don’t have previous experience on ICT projects. Taking advantage of the SDCC-DT’s position as a coordination unit for ICT in operation, the TA project helped compile ADB’s ongoing and planned ICT projects and proactively approached the project officers proposing technical support to operational departments. The TA project mobilized ICT experts, both individual and/or consulting firms, in consideration of the nature of the technical assistance required.

Project Number: 48240-001
Project Name: Information and Communication Technology for Development Initiative Facility in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Insufficient technical support was provided to the Government of Palau by ADB at program commencement to assist with the initial work on alternative policy and legal frameworks, including merger and privatization options. Greater use of specialist water utility engineers and water company contractors with wide Pacific experience could have benefited the program.

Project Number: 44031-013
Project Name: Water Sector Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The RRP outlined that one of the program outputs was the establishment of the policy and legal framework to enable the provision of sustainable and efficient water and sewerage services, including allowing for outsourcing of the management function to a private company. Examples of merged power and water utilities and private sector-run water utilities include the UNELCO Engie in Vanuatu and the American Samoa Power Authority (footnote 9). These types of viable utility options need to be considered during the appraisal of similar programs.

Project Number: 44031-013
Project Name: Water Sector Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Consultation was undertaken at appraisal and fact-finding was done by ADB on alternatives to the establishment of the PWSC. However, the change in the government resulted in changes in the sector reform choices undertaken and resulted in less commitment to the program. For similar policy-based loans, the lesson is to develop ownership indicators for programs ex-ante, which are sufficiently robust to ensure that government commitment is maintained irrespective of sector reform pathways.

Project Number: 44031-013
Project Name: Water Sector Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Delays in the implementation of policy−based loans require greater attention to identifying potential risks and building measures to mitigate such risks.

Project Number: 44031-013
Project Name: Water Sector Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating in the design mechanisms to ensure the implementation of agreed reforms in a changing political environment enables the successful completion of reform programs.

Project Number: 44031-013
Project Name: Water Sector Improvement Program
Report Date: