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Lesson
The dispersed location of project sites could make implementation management and supervision difficult. The sites of this project were spread in the north, east, and southwest of Chongqing, mostly in mountainous terrain, making management and supervision difficult for both the project management office and ADB.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Early identification of the need to cancel subprojects and faster decision-making on project scope changes could shorten the extension of project implementation periods. This project's completion date was extended twice for a cumulative period of 3 years from the original completion of 31 December 2018. The first extension was until 31 December 2020 for the utilization of loan savings across different subprojects, necessitating a minor change in project scope that could have been shortened had the request for the scope change been made earlier.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate consideration of the project sites' topography and geological conditions in project feasibility studies and detailed engineering designs could lead to unexpected cost increases during implementation. There was a significant cost increase in land acquisition and resettlement due to changes in the project scope and additional land acquisition that needed to be undertaken because of the complex geological conditions in some sites resulting in increased civil works costs in some packages.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Detailed market analysis through strategic procurement planning and accurate cost estimates could prevent unexpectedly low bids, leading to significant project savings. Under this project, it is noted that low bids did not negatively affect the quality of construction.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Essential infrastructure and services can positively impact gender equity when designed to address the specific needs and responsibilities of women. This project contributed significant time savings for rural women by releasing them from the burden of fetching water,. Extra time provided them the opportunity to redirect their efforts to economically and socially productive tasks, spending time with family, and leisure activities.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB needs to enhance project readiness and request the executing agency (EA) to take advance action during the project processing phase. Early-stage implementation pf this projecty was delayed because the EA did not take any advance action to implement before the loan agreement was signed. As a result, the loan closing date was extended for 18 months.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The integration of urban and rural water supply systems ensures the delivery of improved and equitable water supply services to urban and rural residents in Chaonan district, which is ADB’s value addition to inclusive and balanced development. The institutional and tariff reforms have made services equitable and affordable to all. The tariff per ton charged to residents has been decreased by 40%, benefiting 1.41 million residents in Chaonan district. The formulation and design of the project can be replicated in similar rural and small-town water supply systems in the PRC.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Zero changes in project staff and implementation arrangement contribute significantly to smooth project implementation. The key staff of the project management office and implementing agencies remained unchanged throughout the project preparation and implementation periods. This, along with the absence of any scope changes, ensured smooth implementation of the project. The experience can be repeated in future projects through appropriate institutional measures and project implementation arrangements.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong ownership of the executing and implementing agencies is key to project success. Adequate consultation with the borrower during project conceptualization and design as well as regular communications during implementation are important to ensure that the executing and implementing agencies are purposively identified, and appropriate institutional arrangements are made to ensure effective and efficient project implementation.

Project Number: 44019-013
Project Name: Hubei Huangshi Urban Pollution Control and Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate due diligence at appraisal is important to prepare a realistic project schedule considering the institutional setup, internal review and approval procedures, existing capacity, and prior experience of the government and executing agency in implementing ADB and other development partners’ projects. Formulating appropriate project design, identifying major risks, implementing adequate mitigation measures, and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing startup delays and facilitating timely implementation progress of projects.

Project Number: 44019-013
Project Name: Hubei Huangshi Urban Pollution Control and Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A strong project management office with adequate assistance from the local government is essential to ensure sound administration and coordination of project Implementation, especially for projects covering several subsectors.

Project Number: 46062-002
Project Name: Gansu Baiyin Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of ADB's comprehensive approach to urban transformation covering infrastructure, human resources, and environmentalCapacity development was highly appreciated by the counterpart municipal government, providing the basis for replication in other similar contexts.

Project Number: 46062-002
Project Name: Gansu Baiyin Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate and timely consulting support is needed for the design and Implementation of a technical and vocational education and training (TVET) that will aupport secondary and adult skills education and employment services to ensure inclusive industrial transformation. This is especially when the government or the implementing agency lacks experience and capacity.

Project Number: 46062-002
Project Name: Gansu Baiyin Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sound identification and valuation of costs and benefits in the economic analysis can provide more realistic economic internal rates of return (EIRRs) to indicate a more accurate state of project viability. The economic analysis in the RRP and PCR underestimated the value of the project outputs, particularly the economic benefits of the solid waste management component, which led to a low EIRR. Willingness-to-pay $2 per month for solid waste removal seems too low and unreasonable considering the substantial health and environmental benefits that such removal likely provides.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A more nuanced iteration of the project design and monitoring framework (DMF) i.e., accurately differentiating outcome and output indicators, would be beneficial to facilitate better project results assessments. As observed by this validation, impact, outcome, and output statements in the DMF were vague and similar, and did not provide sufficient guidance to focus performance targets that would have provided better evidence for achieving the goals of the impact, outcome, and output statements.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date: