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Lesson
Continued engagement and reforms are necessary. For the envisaged impact to be fully achieved, the government should be encouraged to engage with ADB and other development partners. The IDP housing that the evaluation team visited was intact and in good condition, based on a cursory inspection. Schools, banks, and stores, among other support facilities, have since been established and appear to be functioning well. A more in-depth assessment of the resettlement sites would help to determine the overall success of the resettlement program.

Project Number: 42529-013, 42529-023
Project Name: Growth Recovery Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The complexity of the program, as measured by the number and nature of outputs (and sub-outputs) and policy actions as an important factor in the degree of difficulty in implementation (footnote 7). There may have been too many conditions, i.e., policy actions, to be complied with for the releases of tranches 2 and 3 within the context of the anticipated timeframe for the program and in view of the limited capacity within the government.

Project Number: 41607-013
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A need to define more realistic indicators that consider government commitment and capacity to undertake reforms and a timetable to achieve intended results and causal linkages between intended outcome and impact, with expected results having appropriate linkages with policy actions. Most of MPRMP’s policy actions were complied with but many of the outcome and output indicators and targets were not realized. The indicators/targets for development impact were achieved although the outcome and outputs were not met.

Project Number: 41607-013
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A more proper design of the TA component and a firm-based consultancy recommended at appraisal along with a more realistic budget. DOF and SGD should have strengthened their procurement capacity prior to the TA loan and this could have been a condition for the release of the tranche 1 funds given that it was their first large ADB-fund project. Although this was recognized, it was thought that such a risk could have been mitigated through the capacity building provided under the TA loan.

Project Number: 41607-013
Project Name: Mizoram Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion
Report Date:
Lesson
The reform’s overall impact should be assessed by how much investment in road and urban water increase—which the PCR did not discuss in detail. This program might have been better designed as a sector development loan, which combine program and investment loans.

Project Number: 46220-001
Project Name: Infrastructure Sustainability Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Limited capacity of government staff should be considered in designing reform programs. The 34 policy actions for a crisis response operation stretched out the government’s capacity in absorbing a substantial reform agenda. Constraints to capacity were reflected in the delays in complying with the policy actions, in particular with the policy action on financial ratios, which resulted in waiver of this action.

Project Number: 43152-012
Project Name: Economic Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Reform prioritization and sequencing could lead to more durable results. A steady, step-by-step pace of reforms may be more suitable in the Tongan context, given prevailing capacity constraints. The process of implementing reforms takes time, especially for reforms that require specialized skills, such as those in PFM and those that are structural in nature; these types of reforms take time to implement and cannot be completed by a single quick-disbursing stand-alone program.

Project Number: 43152-012
Project Name: Economic Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In small island economies, fiscal consolidation measures should take into account the size of the public sector. The role and magnitude of the public sector in a small, island economy and sporadic wage increases for civil servants put pressure on recurrent expenditure. These make it difficult to manage fiscal expenditure over time. A small economic base limits areas for alternative employment opportunities. This could imply that the share of the public sector in the economy would remain large in the longer term.

Project Number: 46385-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Short-duration programs should consider time lags for policy actions. A program of short timeframe should adequately reflect the time lags that usually occur in implementing policy actions. It would be difficult for a short-duration program, even with up-front delivery of vital reforms, to achieve indicators involving external debt-togross domestic product, revenue mobilization, sustainable fiscal outturn, and improvements in Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability ratings due to time lags of these actions.

Project Number: 46385-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Financial Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project demonstrated that vertical programs such as HIV/AIDS can be efficiently integrated into PHC services. While specific technical support and management will remain necessary at the central level to guarantee quality and effectiveness of the program interventions, implementation at the local level would yield better results when integrated into PHC, whenever possible.

Project Number: 39033-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Rural Development Enclaves
Report Date:
Lesson
Under the project, a template was developed for the MOAs between NDOH, local health authorities, and the economic operators. While the objective of this standardization was to accelerate the signing of MOAs, it had, in fact, an opposite result, i.e., with the MOA not considering the local conditions, constraints and needs at the onset, the MOAs were not always satisfactory, causing delays in signing. Sector level lessons.

Project Number: 39033-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Rural Development Enclaves
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular supervision with coaching is essential for maintaining and improving the quality of health services delivery. Especially in rural areas, supervision is also required to support often isolated local staff and helps to retain health-workers. Civil works successfully rehabilitated health facilities under the project, but regular supervision of public health facilities by health staff of the economic operators, as agreed in the MOAs, were not sufficiently sustained.

Project Number: 39033-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Rural Development Enclaves
Report Date:
Lesson
The PPMS should be developed and established prior to the start of project implementation. This would ensure that all implementation activities are effectively monitored and causes of delays and mitigating actions described clearly. Benefit monitoring and evaluation is essential to measuring project impact and outcome indicators so as to measure achievement. This should not be left to the executing or implementing agency and should be undertaken by qualified monitoring and evaluation specialists, including the collection of primary and secondary data.

Project Number: 40037-013
Project Name: Lae Port Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB resident mission should be more proactive in monitoring project implementation. It is contingent on the resident mission to assist the executing agency in identifying corrective measures and even use its technical resources to assist in resolving issues. The delay due to unresolved resettlement issues took too long to solve resulting in increased project cost. With local knowledge and experience, the resident mission would be in a good position to identify options in resolving such issues.

Project Number: 40037-013
Project Name: Lae Port Development Project
Report Date: