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Lesson
Given the importance of the project to women (based on the household survey and focus group discussions during appraisal stage), more attention is needed to identify an appropriate gender mainstreaming category. Without this, the project may lack interventions that could directly improve women's access to and in managing basic urban infrastructure.

Project Number: 40665-013
Project Name: Songhua River Basin Water Pollution Control and Management Project
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Lesson
Sustainability of project assets and O&M arrangements.

Project Number: 26427-013
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Flood Protection Project (Phase 2)
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Lesson
Delays caused by lengthy land acquisition procedures. Land acquisition and resettlement is the object of complex and lengthy procedures, causing project implementation delays—although the nature and extent of the issues encountered are not described in any detail. The lesson learned is the need during project preparation to ensure the full commitment of the government and the executing agency to implement the resettlement plan.

Project Number: 26427-013
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Flood Protection Project (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of detailed cost estimates and procurement plan that clearly allocate funds for external monitoring led to delays in recruiting external environment monitoring agencies, reduced the scope of external monitoring, and caused delays in the submission of environment monitoring reports for some subprojects. The lesson from this can be considered in similar future projects.

Project Number: 40665-013
Project Name: Songhua River Basin Water Pollution Control and Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To appropriately assess the progress and outcome of the project, project design must incorporate the measurable benefits to beneficiaries at the outcome level, and in general, baselines must be established for all targets.

Project Number: 30286-013
Project Name: Central Region Small and Medium Towns Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delays in recruiting consultants resulted in delays of subsequent activities (detailed design, resettlement planning, environmental management planning, and preparing bidding documents). Despite the start-up delays, the project achieved the targeted outputs, demonstrating that the executing agencies at the provincial level have the capacity for project implementation and the decentralized approach to project preparation and implementation is appropriate.

Project Number: 30286-013
Project Name: Central Region Small and Medium Towns Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well planned and implemented capacity building program can significantly strengthen the institutional capacity of PMOs and benefit subsequent ADB urban projects in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, as this project has shown.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
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Lesson
Household service connections for urban water and sewerage should be part of the project scope to ensure the optimum utilization of outputs and timely delivery of benefits.

Project Number: 32254-023, 32254-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement in Madhya Pradesh Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Requirement for financial intermediary transformation. For the Local Loans and Development Fund's (LLDF) professional operation, the project established systems, such as loan management software and operational manuals. However, the organization requires a full-time, qualified head to further drive its growth and sustainable expansion. The current part-time status of the chief executive officer will make it difficult for the organization to thrive.

Project Number: 35201-013
Project Name: Local Government Infrastructure Improvement Project
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Lesson
Financial covenants should be realistic. Fully involving state and municipal authorities and elected representatives in the preparation, implementation, and monitoring of financial improvement action plans (FIAPs) along with intensive public awareness campaigns may help achieve full implementation of the FIAPs.

Project Number: 32254-023, 32254-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement in Madhya Pradesh Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The salaries of project management unit (PMU) and project implementation unit (PIU) staff should be comparable with prevailing market rates to prevent high turnover.

Project Number: 40007-013
Project Name: Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation Project
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Lesson
The project implementation consultant was mobilized nearly two years after loan effectiveness because of the long recruitment process, which resulted in a lack of assistance to the PMO and delayed submission of required reports at the beginning of implementation. Early consulting firm engagement should be done by PMOs in the future.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A water balance audit as a mandatory part of nonrevenue water projects would lead to proper design. An integrated supervisory control and data acquisition system for the water supply would support smooth operation.

Project Number: 32254-023, 32254-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement in Madhya Pradesh Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Standardization. Since the project packages were numerous and relatively small, documents and processes should have been standardized as much as possible for efficiency and quality. For example, project-specific bidding document templates, as well as standard terms of references for all project committees, could have been drafted by the Project Coordination Unit (PCU) and approved by ADB at an earlier stage. Standard documents, reports, and monitoring forms to be used by the Subproject Coordination Units (SPCUs) were introduced on 20 June 2008.

Project Number: 35201-013
Project Name: Local Government Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Fully staffed roject implementation units (PIUs) and involving municipal engineers in project design and implementation supports local knowledge and creates ownership and commitment.

Project Number: 32254-023, 32254-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement in Madhya Pradesh Project
Report Date: