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Lesson
Including ADB financial management staff in project implementation teams will facilitate compliance to ADB financial reporting requirements. the first two annual audited project financial statements was delayed in the absence of complete information. ADB’s financial management staff should have been part of the project implementation team from the inception stage to review and monitor project financial performance and provide timely advice.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Optimizing project scope and benefits requires careful analysis of the local context at design stage. Improved roads and market infrastructure resulted in more connected and vibrant rural communities and markets. This has brought moderate increases in household incomes in market catchment areas, but the project did not lead to an increase in agricultural production. The income effects also varied depending on the location and composition of livelihoods.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Spreading a project across a wide geographic areas creates additional coordination and administrative difficulties. The project had a wide coverage in southern Bangladesh where several subprojects were distributed across 12 districts, adding coordination and administrative burden to implementing agencies. The project could have selected fewer districts to reduce the implementation burden.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Engaging capable design institutes, backed by sufficient budget and time allocations, will result in better quality technical designs that in turn will facilitate construction progress, reduce the need for contract variations, and optimize construction costs. There were significant variations in some of this project's civil works contracts. These variations resulted mainly from poor quality of technical designs, with errors and omissions in the construction drawings.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender trainings are a must in ADB first-time projects. This was the first project funded by ADB in Chuxiong prefecture. As such, trainings on Gender equality and the project's Gender action (GAP) plan were needed to promote Gender awareness, develop understanding, and build capacities for GAP implementation. The trainings and overall design of GAP proved relevant and contributed to achieving overall project objectives.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Reducing or avoiding implementation delays would require, among others: (i) ensuring that project and/or subproject implementation is a high priority for local governments and counterpart funds are provided in government annual budgets, and (ii) starting resettlement activities as early as possible and providing adequate funds for these activities.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating utility shifting as part of the item-rate contract has proven effective for timely project completion in some Indian states. Utility shifting is usually contracted out to a third-party entity specialized in utility shifting. Contractors often abuse this arrangement, however, taking it as an excuse to delay civil works. To prevent this, the utility shifting should be included as an item in the bill of quantity to be carried out directly by the contractor.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
As larger contracts experienced more delays compared to shorter contracts, in future projects, shorter-length contracts may be considered. The termination of contractors was observed to be due to their non-proactive approach while working in discontinuous encumbrance-free stretches of road, poor planning, and inadequate financial capability. Instead of terminating contracts, it would be more desirable to make encumbrance-free land available upfront, release retention money, and create escrow accounts—which were approaches that were successfully implemented.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
The COVID-19 pandemic had certain impacts on Dongxing border port trading due to reduced traffic flow on the Fengcheng–Jiangshan road connecting to the port in 2021.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Closer communication and coordination between ADB and the implementing agencies (IAs) are necessary to ensure timely loan closing. The loan closing took about 21 months. One of the major reasons was that some of the withdrawal application papers submitted by the IAs were incomplete or inconsistent and clarifications or corrections of these took a long time. ADB’s review and clearance on these clarifications was also slow in several cases.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Scope changes can lead to extended implementation delays, especially when review and due diligence on these changes are not organized properly. The project experienced significant implementation delays due to factors which were unforeseen at approval. These changes resulted in reallocation ofthe loan proceeds. The review process including due diligence for these changes took 1 year on average. In fact, the process could have been shortened had the organization of these changes been orderly.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Paying attention to local practices in labor recruitment attracted more women in construction. Engaging local men and women in the construction work was a challenge. The Chittagong people are traditionally involved in agricultural work on the plain land. Since they had no experience in construction-related employment, they were reluctant to join the work.However, after several consultations with the local communities both men and women were motivated to do construction work, as an additional source of income, when they had no agricultural work.

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Second Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delayed implementation of resettlement plans means that land compensation payments are likewise delayed. Implementation of two resettlement plans were delayed but the relevant contracts were completed. As a result, compensation payments were delayed, and the covenants were not fully complied

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Second Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate consideration of the terrain, topography, and other physical characteristics of the project site may lead to design changes, with implications on project scope and costs. Separate procurement packages involving environmental mitigation measures cannot considered in the hilly region. This resulted in a reduction of targets in rural roads as funds were reallocated to new protection work packages.

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Second Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring that Indicators are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound (SMART) is essential to tracking and measuring project results. One project target output was not realistic. The indicator used involves a complex bureaucratic process and requires allocation of revenue budget from the government, which was beyond the project’s scope and administrative boundary.

Project Number: 42248-013, 42248-023
Project Name: Second Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date: