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Lesson
Implementing a customs modernization program entails efforts by not only the customs authority, but also various other government agencies involved in regulating international trade. Strengthening interagency coordination for policy consistency and harmonization is a key to success.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Proactive engagement with the private sector helps ensure effectiveness of business process reengineering, improve system user-friendliness, and facilitate acceptance by the trade community.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For customs modernization projects with high ICT content, a pilot operation period of at least 1 year needs to be included at appraisal. This will give system developers and project designers a chance to factor in user feedback before final acceptance.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Setting up task forces with experienced and motivated staff from the executing and implementing agencies, as well as staff from other government agencies depending on the nature of tasks, proved effective in executing tasks related to business process reengineering, which is both policy oriented and technical in nature, or to testing and accepting customs automated information system, which relied heavily on ICT.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ownership by the borrower, particularly the implementing agency, is critical to successful implementation. An efficient project management office with dedicated staff and supported by experienced international and national consultants plays an indispensable role in project implementation.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For ICT-related projects, attracting and retaining high-caliber engineers is a challenge and requires special solutions, e.g., designing special incentive packages.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Business process reengineering, which is at the core of customs reform, must be conducted in line with international standards, particularly the World Customs Organization's Revised Kyoto Convention. This will maximize harmonization of customs procedures across borders in the interest of facilitating international trade.

Project Number: 35376-033
Project Name: Customs Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons.

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-046
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Governments and ADB should conduct a more detailed review of the studies to confirm soundness of assumptions and results. The pre-feasibility study that prepared the project design and appraised the viability of the subprojects had quality issues, given that two airport projects in Cambodia were cancelled due to poor market viability, the airport project in the Lao PDR had to be redesigned due to the need to expand scope, the site for the wastewater treatment plant in Siem Reap was not firmed up and substantial time was wasted looking for an alternative site, and others.

Project Number: 35282-013, 33434-013, 35345-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion: Mekong Tourism Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons.

Project Number: 35225-013
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Importance of a strong commitment and ownership of the government to a reform and capacity building program such as the SMESDP.

Project Number: 33246-013
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is unlikely that civil servants in the Kyrgyz Republic have the necessary incentives to manage complex projects as unremunerated, part-time project managers, even if they are highly competent. It is also unlikely that public procurement processes can be managed without specialized procurement skills. A fully dedicated project manager and a procurement specialist should have been appointed to the project.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of a single window for foreign trade is an extremely complex process that requires a long-term commitment and high-level support. It also requires continuous dialogue with all concerned government agencies to lower resistance to change, including by middle managers and operational staff. The project should have had a longer implementation period and should have included a stronger communication and change management component. A project administration manual and a design and monitoring framework (DMF) at an earlier stage could have helped expedite implementation.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Raising awareness of end-users is an important component of projects that streamline government administration. It helps increase demand for the systems, reduce misinformation, and support the overall change. The funding allocation to public awareness campaigns under the project could have been higher.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Information technologgy training for government agencies' staff was expensive. It may be more efficient in future procurement plans to have a separate package for training in basic information and communication technology, as there are many institutions in the country that provide these services.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date: