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Lesson
The project facilitated the following corporate governance reforms of KWSG

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB should have foreseen the risk of a new entity, the National Power Transmission Corporation, which was significantly different from the designated implementing and executing agencies, and that this could possibly interfere in project implementation arrangements. At design, such risk should have been mitigated through appropriate loan and/or finance agreement clauses.

Project Number: 32273-013
Project Name: Northern Power Transmission Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to ensure that laws and regulations produced are implemented to yield desired outcomes.

Project Number: 41046-013, 42191-013, 42191-023, and 42191-033
Project Name: Support the Implementation of the Poverty Reduction Programs IV and V
Report Date:
Lesson
A key benefit of continuing engagement and dialogue is the expanded trust between development partners and government, which reduces transaction costs on both sides.

Project Number: 41046-013, 42191-013, 42191-023, 42191-033
Project Name: Support the Implementation of the Poverty Reduction Programs IV and V
Report Date:
Lesson
The line of credit facility could have been structured as a revolving facility to extend the benefits to MSMEs and improve sustainability. To leverage ADB funds, ADB could also have provided the line of credit facility under a fund management arrangement through which the BML could have administered the less expensive ADB funds and cofinanced at market rates. This would have resulted in competitive, all-in, blended costs to the borrowers.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The National Highways Authority of India undertook several measures towards achieving project readiness such as (i) project preparation using its own funds; (ii) deployment of a project team at its headquarters and field office during the initial stage to supervise project preparation and undertake procurement activities and pre-construction activities; and (iii) advance action on civil works procurement, recruitment of construction supervision consultants, and pre-construction activities such as shifting of utilities, cutting of trees, and land acquisition.

Project Number: 31435-013
Project Name: Western Transport Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Better cooperation between ADB and the executing agency in the preparation of the design and monitoring framework, as well as a more detailed assessment of appropriate project impact, outcome, and output performance indicators, could have improved performance monitoring, project evaluation, and possibly the project's ratings. In addition, a more detailed analysis of imprest account ceilings could have limited delays in project implementation. The imprest account ceiling for the line of credit facility had to be raised, with some difficulty, during implementation.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB policies for financial intermediation loans require that onlending rates for subborrowers should be market-based. For the PSDP, the Bank of Maldives line of credit facility onlending rates were in line with similar loan schemes in the Maldives targeting MSMEs from financial intermediation loans from other international financial institutions, and were in excess of Bank of Maldives' cost of funds.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project was originally designed primarily to reduce obstacles to the development of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) through complementary initiatives. However, at the request of the government, a public-private partnership (PPP) output that was somewhat unrelated to MSMEs was also included. Although PPPs are an important aspect of private sector development, and MSMEs may participate in PPP projects, the activities in support of PPPs did not add much value to the overall project.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Although the initiatives under the project were largely complementary, each project output required a distinctly different knowledge base and skill set in consulting services. However, output 2, suboutput 2 made use of three consulting packages, involving a consulting firm and two individual consultants. While the use of two individual consultants was deemed the most economical approach at the time of inception, their deliverables overlapped somewhat and could possibly have been consolidated in one contract package to improve overall project management.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Like the agencies that acted as the implementing agency before it, the Ministry of Energy and Environment experienced problems in obtaining approval for (i) establishment of the regional project advisory committee; (ii) government budgetary support; (iii) an operations and maintenance strategy; and (iv) project design changes. Investment under the project should have also includes increased institutional governance strengthening, ensuring a well-balanced, sustainable project.

Project Number: 33218-013
Project Name: Regional Development Project, Phase II - Environmental Infrastructure and Management
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering the broad scope of the project and the capacity constraints of the Ministry of Finance and Treasury and the implementing agencies, implementation might have benefitted from more extensive monitoring and more frequent reviews, as well as the establishment of a project performance and monitoring system. By the time of the midterm review - 17 months behind schedule, in March 2012 - only 75% of contract awards were complete and disbursements stood at only 54%.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
it may be difficult to charge small enterprises that may be cash constrained up-front fees for training and advisory on business plans or marketing, business development service center could instead arrange with these businesses to earn commissions or to benefit from profit sharing on future sales. This would make the business development service center operations more sustainable.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government and the Ministry of Energy and Environment (MEE) had implemented the Regional Development Project prior to this follow-up project. The government asked that project implementation support be provided to help implement Regional Development Project, Phase II - Environmental Infrastructure and Management. Although MEE was not fully conversant with ADB procedures at first, timely support from ADB and willingness of the MEE staff to adopt these practices helped implement the project. The Ministry of Finance and Treasury and the government fully supported the project.

Project Number: 33218-013
Project Name: Regional Development Project, Phase II - Environmental Infrastructure and Management
Report Date:
Lesson
Structuring and implementing a PPP project is complex, time-consuming, and requires significant resources and commitment by all parties involved. Knowing that the PPP concept was at an early development stage in the Maldives at the time of project inception and that few ministries had the capacity or resources for PPP project development, ADB and the executing agency should have identified appropriate focal points and obtained stronger management commitment from relevant line ministries to ensure efficient implementation.

Project Number: 41149-013
Project Name: Private Sector Development Project
Report Date: