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Lesson
Consensus-building requires sufficient time for meaningful and in-depth consultations with various stakeholders. This program’s experience has demonstrated that building consensus between the government and the private sector, as well as among government departments, could take much longer than envisaged. The program design to strengthen the staffing of three major regulatory institutions within 2 years was optimistic, and a more realistic timeframe should have been considered. Future programs that will necessitate consensus-building should provide ample time for this type of activity.

Project Number: 45253-002
Project Name: Third Capital Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Sound project design requires adequate technical input and open communication with key participants and/or stakeholders. Greater technical input was necessary to appraise the government’s proposed components during project preparation. Specifically, the design flaws in output 2, credit lines for biogas value chains and other climate-smart agriculture waste management investments, would have been avoided if the processing team had access to livestock, environmental, and institutional specialists with appropriate country knowledge to support the financial management specialist.

Project Number: 45406-001
Project Name: Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular policy dialogue and project readiness can reduce the likelihood of scope changes. Project implementation did not progress during 2015 to 2017 because of the

Project Number: 44035-014
Project Name: Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective and efficient implementation of large-scale land acquisition and resettlement activities depends largely on strong political will and commitment at all levels of government, especially when a large number of households are affected. It is important for an agency charged with resettlement activities to be proactive and work closely with local authorities and affected people to resolve identified issues on the ground. Having intensive policy dialogues with the agencies on ADB's safeguard policies and providing well-designed TA projects can

Project Number: 37269-013, 37269-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion:
Rehabilitation of the Railway in Cambodia Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The participation of relevant agencies, effective communication of their role, and broader consultations on possible implementation arrangements at project design ensure effective and efficient inter-agency coordination and project implementation. Under the project, instead of taking full responsibility as the IPIU, UPJN only deployed some staff to the IPIUs and was charging administrative fees for their role including remuneration of their staff that ADB had refused.

Project Number: 39405-013
Project Name: Dhaka Water Supply Sector
Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical to embed targeted and specified stakeholder risk analysis and risk mitigation measures into the planning of complex, community-driven, and local government-implemented infrastructure investments, especially for multi-dimensional and cross-sector urban development projects. One of the critical project lessons learned is that, although the project’s governance risk assessment and management plan foresaw the cost and time overrun owing to disbursement and

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gaining ownership from stakeholders and partners is paramount to the success of a project vis-à-vis its long-term sustainability, mitigating effectiveness risk bottlenecks, and avoiding otherwise foreseeable delays. The project had multiple benefits for stakeholders who were previously unserved by basic urban services. It improved urban environment indicators in municipalities and contributed to ADB’s 2030 operational strategies but was delayed nearly 2 years for various foreseeable technical

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The delays in this project showed that national and subnational governments must exert more effort to include a broad and diverse range of stakeholders from the initial project design to implementation for it to be successful. Further investigation or interviews may be necessary to ascertain where the lapses were in establishing fuller community support.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of government’s priorities. Involving the provincial and district levels and strengthening their capacity to identify and address the local needs reflected the government’s Sam Sang initiative, giving provinces and the districts more responsibilities and authorities. The reforms offered an opportunity to effectively apply the new policy, resulting in a strong government support for HSGP. ADB’s capacity-building activities at the provincial level in previous health projects provided useful experience to better target technical support at all levels.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The implementation arrangements ensured that the provincial health offices, as implementing agencies, were stakeholders of the reforms. Rather than simply following instructions from the center, the provinces were involved in the program, better understood the reform objectives, and supported the implementation of the HSRS.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Understanding and addressing the needs of all those involved in the sector. The health system requires two types of personnel: (i) health services providers; and (ii) administrative personnel responsible for planning, budgeting, resource allocation, and monitoring. Both need to be involved.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The strong and ongoing consultations between ADB and the government of Cook Islands was a significant factor in the success of the program.

Project Number: 50212-001, 50212-002, 50212-003
Project Name: Disaster Resilience Program (Phases 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Although ADB has no direct relationship with district people’s committees during program implementation, they are in-charge of land acquisition and resettlement on behalf of the city people’s committee. A program design needs to consider this and plan accordingly to equip the relevant officials with the skills and knowledge for effective land acquisition and resettlement, in accordance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

Project Number: 39500-013, 39500-023
Project Name: Ho Chi Minh City Urban Mass Rapid Transit Line 2 Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2, and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Particularly for complex and large-scale projects, with significant safeguard issues, government’s commitment to develop a land acquisition and resettlement road map, which in most cases involve the central government, is necessary to complete land acquisition and resettlement before awarding civil works contracts

Project Number: 39500-013, 39500-023
Project Name: Ho Chi Minh City Urban Mass Rapid Transit Line 2 Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2, and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
The executing agency’s involvement is limited during loan review missions. The PCR indicated HCMC People’s Committee lacked ownership of the program as highlighted by the transfer of integrated sustainable urban transport study from the DOT of HCMC to MAUR. The executing agency’s greater involvement and commitment in preparing and implementing mass rapid transit projects can improve ownership and better identify areas of institutional weakness.

Project Number: 39500-013, 39500-023
Project Name: Ho Chi Minh City Urban Mass Rapid Transit Line 2 Investment Program (Tranches 1 and 2, and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date: